670 Retrofpeei of German Literature =P hilofophy and Metaphyfics. 
fafslichen Darftellung der Kantifchen 
Kritik der Urtheilfkraft’—Attempr to 
place Kant’s Critique of Judgment in 
a clearer Point of View, by Profeffor 
KIESEWETTER, of Berlin, who con- 
tinues to teach there the fyftem of 
Kant, whilft Fichte, in the fame city, 
reads lectures on his ‘‘ Wiffenfchafts- 
lehre’’—DoGrine of Science, in which 
he promifes to folve the enigma to the 
world. 
FicHTE feemed to be left nearly 
alone to fupport his caufe; for, except 
MEHMEL, who, whilft editor of the 
“Literatur Zeitung,” a review, till 
Jately, publifhed at Erlangen, endea- 
voured to exalt the new {chool of phi- 
lofophy and efheticks, and Jaft year 
pubiifhed a ‘* Verfuch einer Analy- 
tifchen Denklehre,”’—Efiay of an Ana- 
lytical Theory of Thinking, and a 
work on education, which we fhall 
have occafion to mention below, we 
do not find any author who has come 
forward as his champion. 
On the other hand, he as well as his 
predeceflorand fuccefforin Jena found 
an expert antagoniit in a young philo- 
fopher, a difciple of Schelling at Jena, 
viz. Mr. F. Fries, who, ina work en- 
titled ‘Reinhold, Fichte and Schel- 
Jing,” evinced an uncommon degree 
of acumen and learning, recommended 
by a good ftyle and arrangement ; and 
gave not only a profound critique of 
the fyftems of thefe philofophers, but 
likewife many new elucidations of 
philofophical iubjeéts. In like man- 
ner we find his ‘* Philofophifche 
Rechtslehre,””—Philofophical Jurifpru- 
dence, which he afterwards publithed, 
many new ideas, and more luminous 
views of his fubject. Schelling alone 
met with an equally formidable in Mr. 
F. Korpren, of Lubeck, who, though 
formed and educated in the {chools of 
Kant, Fichte, and Jacobi, did not re- 
fign his independence of thought, as 
he had already fhewn in a work againtft 
Kant’s Doétrine of Revelation, which 
we noticed ina former Retrofpe¢t. His 
lateft publication, entitled ‘* Schel- 
Ying’s Lehre oder das ganze der Phi- 
Tofophie des abfoluten Nichts,’—Schel- 
ling’s Deétrine, or the whole Theory 
of the Philofophy of abfolute Nullity, 
is accompanied with letters by F. 
H. Jacogi, who teaches a fyfiem of 
his own, agreeing however in moft of 
the effential points with that of 
Kant, which he has attacked; and in 
thefe letters {peaks againft Schelling in. 
the fame fenfe as Kant, whofe opinion 
is fufficiently indicated by the title. 
SCHELLING, however, who not only 
continued his Journals, but likewife 
publithed a fecond and improved edi- 
tion of his ‘¢Ideey zu einer Philofo- 
phie der Natur,’’ Ideas towards a Phi- 
lofophy of Nature, and again recom- 
mended his fyftem in his “ Vorlefungen 
uber die Methode des Akademifchen 
Studiums,”—Lectures on the Method 
of Studying at the Univerfities, conti- 
nued in the mean time to acquire more 
difciples and adherents; efpecially in 
the fouthern provinees of Germany, 
where his influence will in future be 
much increafed by his appointment 
to a profeflorfhip at the univerfity of 
Wirzburg; the more fo, as, there too 
he has colleagues of the fame way of 
thinking. For foon after his appoint- 
ment to that place, WaGner, author 
of a work “Ueber die Natur der 
Dinge,”—On the Nature of Things, 
was tranflated thither from Salzburg, 
where he had in the Journal entitled 
the ** Gelehrte Zeitung,” zealoufly de- 
fended the Syftem of Schelling, 
But notwithftanding the removal of 
Schelling from Jena, his doétrines con. 
tinue to be taught at that univerfity 
by his friends HEGEL and ScHap. 
The latter of thefe gentlemen pub- 
lifhed, in 2 volumes, at the laft two 
Fairs, a ‘* Sy{tem der Natur- und Tran- 
fcendental Philofophie,”—Syftem of 
Natural and Tranfcendental Philofo- 
phy, which is drawn up according to 
the principles and method inculcated in 
the writings of Schelling. 
EsCHEN MAYER, another partizan of 
Schelling, but who,difdaining to follow 
him with flavith obfequiouinefs, ftrikes 
into a path of his owa, gave us in his 
‘¢ Philofophie in ihrem Uebergange zur 
Nichtphilofophie,’’—Philefophy in its 
Tranfition to Non-Philofopby, a fur- 
ther elucidation of a pofition of Ja- 
cobis, but without any reference to 
that protound thinker, viz. That 
the lait ftep in philofophy 1s the firft 
towards nen-pinicfophy and taith.”— 
The Kantian philofephy, fays this 
author, was fufpended betwixt finite 
and infinite. Schelling foived all the 
Oppolite principles and pofitions, fuch 
as T and Not IJ, Neceflity and Free Will, 
Ideality and Realfty, Form and Being, 
&c. é&c. and fixed the higheft point of 
the {peculation in the Eternity of Rea- 
fon 
