1804. ] 
do not (as is commonly fuppofed) ne- 
ceffarily produce a puny off{pring:; that is, 
that the countries in which Mr. Malthus 
oblerves the preventive check to popula- 
tion to be moft prevalent, are among thofe 
which Hufeland (io his Treatife on the 
Artof Prolonging Life) remarks as mof 
diftinguifhed for the longevity of their in- 
habitants, Iam, Sir,- 
Cambridge, Your’s, &c. 
April 21, 1804. J. B. 
For the Monthly Magazine. 
INTRODUCTION to the sTUDY of AR- 
CHEOLOGY, or ibe KNOWLEDGE of 
ANTIQUE MONUMENTS. From. the 
FRENLA of A. L. MILLIN, CONSER- 
VATOR of the MUSEUM of ANTIQUI- 
TIES in PaRis, Oc, Ge. 
(Continued from No. 114, p. 335-) 
OF LITERARY HISTORY. . 
O make any progyefs in archeology 
it is neceflary to unite the literary 
hiitory and bibliography of that fcience. 
Notwithftanding the conneStion which re- 
ciprocally fubfifts between them, thefe two 
fciences are very diflin& from each other; 
the former treating of the fubfance of the 
literary produiions, of epochs and events, 
of the fciences, and of the lives of the 
men by whom they have been cultivated ; 
while the latter difcuffes the objeét of the 
works, and their arrangement and diftri- 
bution. It is as agreeable to know the 
hiftory of the feience which is to be ftu- 
died, as it is neceflary to be acquainted 
with the books in which the folution of 
the difficulties that may be encountered is 
to be found. 
Several authors (among whom may be 
cited Struve, Heumann, and Denis) have 
written general works on litérary hittory ; 
others have adopted, with Lambeccius 
and Profeffor Saxe, the chronological me- 
thod ; others again, fuch as Fabricius, 
Harles, and Tirabofchi, the geographical 
method : and others, laftly, the analytical 
method. Profeffor Oberlin, in a {mall, 
but very valuable work, which he em- 
ploys in his cour-es of literary hiftory, has 
combined thefe different plans. 
Literary hiltory is either general or fpe- 
cial:—general, when it embraces the 
whole extent of the hiftory of the fciences ; 
and {pecial, when it treats of a part only. 
The latter, as it refers to archeology, is 
to engage our immediate and exclufive 
attention. The hiftory of that fcience, 
and that of the diftinguifhed men of let- 
ters who have made it the objeét of their 
Introdu€tion to the Study of Archeology. 
~ 
931 
purfuit, will be curforily reviewed ; at 
the fame time that the produétions of the 
latter will be analyzed and pointed out ; 
to the end, that thofe who have not the 
time to enter deeply into the fludy of anti- 
quities, and-who merely feek a fuperficial 
infcrmation calculated to beftow a greater 
intereft on their reading and their travels, 
may alfo know fomething of the hiftory 
of the fcience ; may recoliect, when it is 
neceflary, the works they may confult 
with advantage; and may, at the leaft, 
be acquainted with the epochs when the 
writers exifted, and the countries which 
gave them birth. 
The ftudy of archeology, and that of 
the monuments, more particularly require 
the union of an infinite number of attain- 
ments. To acquire the habit of judging 
correftly, it is neceflary to have feena 
great deal. To explain the monuments 
in a fatisfactory manner, it is effential te 
poflefs the Greek and Latin languages, 
and to be acquainted with the modern 
tongues, fo as to avoid giving as new 
what may already have been defcribed. 
A knowledge of hiftory in general, and 
of Greece and Rome in particular, is alfa. 
indifpenfable. To penetrate into the ob- 
{curity of the heroics! times, information 
muft be obtained of whatever relates to 
the different branches of mythology. The 
hiftory of the art, of the artilts, and of 
their works, is next to be acquired, and 
fhould be followed by a profound fiudy of 
the medals and inicriptions. Thefe ac- 
quirements fhould all of them be founded 
on a knowledge of the true fources, and 
on an attentive and well-digetted perufal 
of the Greek and Latin claffics. It is 
alfo neceflary to be initiated in the myfte- 
ries of the mechanifm and poetry of the 
arts. 
How happy the individual who is able 
to unite ail thefe advantages! He indeed 
is fortunate who poffeffes the greater part 
of them; but without a knowledge ot fe. 
veral of them, at the leat, it is impoffible 
to make any progre/s in antiquities. 
Hiftory of Archeology. 
The Hittory of Archeology is compre- 
hended in that of the authors by whom it 
has been treated, and will be underftood 
in proportion as we ihall proceed to ftudy 
its different parts. Ic 1s fufficient to know 
in general, that it occupied the attention 
of the Ancients, as is proved by the Voy- 
age of Paufanias, in which he defcribes 
the different monuments of Greece. The 
reduction of this branch of knowledge 
igto theory, which aione can entitle it to 
322 the 
