D352 
33} Introduétion to the. Study of Archeology. 
the name of a {cience, is, however, to be 
contidered as a modern invention, and its 
ftudy as of a recent origin. 
Dante, Petrarch, and feveral others of 
the rettorers of learning by whom their 
example was followed, laid the firtt foun- 
dations of this {cience, by afearch after 
the manufcripts of the claffical authors in 
the monafte:ies in which ‘they were im- 
meried. In the firtt inftance, nothing 
more was atiempted than to come at and 
explain the ancient inicriptions; the taite 
for antique meda!s being more recent, and 
of the date of the fixteenth century. It 
was the fequel of the early enquiries ; but 
the monuments, in which are recognized 
the rules of ait and the cffe&t of genius, 
aid not as yet attract the attention of the 
learned. 
The reafoning on the theory of painting, 
inftituted in the fourteenth century, was 
principally owing to the dilcovery of feveral 
monuments, baths, tombs, &c. which had 
been buried in the earth ; and more elpe- 
cially of the feven vaults which the Ita- 
lians denominate Sette Celle, and in one of 
which the Laocoon, and feveral paintings 
in frefco, were found. From the ftudy 
imitation, and comparifon of thefe monu- 
ments, Raphael derived the leffons of his 
art, and acquired the title of the greateft 
painter of his age. Although thefe vaults 
have been fo much neglected, that the 
fpot where they lie is net at prefent 
known, {till the advantages they produced, 
and the principles which the great matters 
drew from them, have been tran{mitted to. 
our time. | ! 
Raphael and Michael Angelo beftowed 
all their attention on antique monuments. 
The former imitated, in his compofitions, 
a great number of cameos and ftatues; 
and this has given rile to the impuiation, 
unqueftionably falfe, that he deftroyed fe- 
veral ancient monuments; to the end, tha 
the fource and crigyn of the figures which 
he had merely imitated thould net be 
found. 
At that time thofe who were poffeffed 
of any fhare of erudition likewile deemed 
it neceffary to examine the engraved fiones 
and ftatues. Accordingly feveral enor- 
mous volumes on fabulous hiltory made 
their appearance, embeilifhed with en- 
gravings of the monuments, which led to 
their explanation. i 
Bot in theve efforts the art did not par- 
ticipate. It was referved tor Caylus to 
open the career; for Winckelmann to en- 
large it, without, however, cloting it; and 
for Mengs, Sulzer, Heyne, and Vifconti, 
[July 1, 
to immortalize themfelves by treading ix 
their fieps. 
Archeological Bibliography. 
After this brief expofition of the lite- 
tary hiftory of archeology, it will be pro- 
per to enter into fome details relative to 
Archeological Bibliography, which, how- 
ever it may have been neglected, is cer- 
tainly indi{penfables To be thoroughly 
acquainted with ‘a fcience, it is necellary 
to know the diffcrent works in which it is 
treated, and to be enabled not only to 
find them, whenever theysare to be con- 
fultced, in the bibliographical order in 
which they are arranged tn public and pri- 
vate libraries, but likewife to tollow that 
arrangement in forming a colleétion. 
To cenvey a knowledge of the books, 
the ufe of which may be neceflary, cata- 
logues, ftyled: biblioteca, (libraries) have: 
been drawn up, and are either general or 
fpecial. Among the Jatter are arranged 
the catalogues, in which there is queftion 
of the works.only that have for their ob- 
jeGt a particular part of the icience, fuch 
as the Numifmaiic Library of Bandurty 
that of Hirich, the Daétylographic Li- 
brary of Mariette, &c. sala 
In treating of each branch of the ar- 
cheological {cience, the fpecial catalogues 
or libraries will be pointed out; at pre- 
fent, the general libraries muft alone fix 
our attention. 
At the end of the Bibliotheca Numaria 
of Labbe, is to be found a fhort fupple- 
ment, containing a catalogue of the books 
on the different parts cf antiquities. This 
catalogue is, however, fo inconfiderable 
as to afford but little information. 
Johannes Albertus Fabricius announced, 
in 1709, his intention.of publifhing a 
Library of the Works on Archeology. 
At the end of his edition of the Treatife 
of Vogt, on the Antique Altars of the 
Chriftians, he had already given a very. 
fhort catalocue of the books of that de- 
fcription.. ‘This catalogue he angmented 
and publifhed feparately in 1703, with 
the title of Bibliotheca Azliquaria, in one 
quarto volume. A fecond edition, with 
additions, appeared in 1716; and, laftly, 
a third edition, which is the beft. This 
Jatter edition was edited by Paul Schaff- 
haufen. 
‘The author has had principally in view 
to colleét the works on the Jewifh and 
Chriftian antiquities. Having annexed to 
them a lift of the differtations contained 
in the Yhefaurus Magaus of Grevius, 
and in that of Gronovius, he afterwards. 
points out the beit productions on geogra. 
phy 
