S04] 
and in conduéiing the rope through this 
perforation, by means of an additional 
pulley fixed on the top of the arm of the 
jib, Thus the rope proceeds from the 
goods which are hoified, through a puiley 
fixed, as ufual, at the extremity of the 
jib; it then pafles over another pulley, 
fixed at the extremity of the jib, toa 
third, fixed at the oppofite extremity of 
the jib, and is by this pulley conduéted 
through the perforated axis, or pillar, to 
~ 
another pulley, whence it is immediately 
directed to the crane by which the weight 
is elevated. 
Meffrs. Harman and Dearn, of Ro- 
therhithe, have invented an apparatus for 
filtering water, which will obviate the 
inconveniences of the filtering ftone. The 
mew apparatus confifts of a ftone-ware 
veflel, perforated with holes, upon which 
coarfe gravel is laid, and upon that a ftra- 
tum of fine gravel, and faltly fine fand. 
Upon the top of the fand is laid a per- 
forated and loaded board or plate of 
earthen ware, to prevent the fand from 
being dilturbed when the water is poured 
in. The finenefs and depth of the filice- 
ous fand will regulate the perfeétion and 
expedition of the procefs, and the deli- 
cacy ot the -veflels and fand may be in- 
fured by changing the latter from time to 
time ; for example, once in a fortnight or 
three weeks. 
A collection of the beft French trage- 
dies and comedies, fince the time of Ro- 
trou, is publidhing at Paris, in 20 vols, 
8vo. Each piece is accompanied by a cri- 
tique and a characteriftic plate. 
The third and laft volume of the Pi@u- 
refque Voyage of T’ufcany has been jult 
publifhed at Florence. 
The fecond volume of BAvER’s Thu. 
eydides, fo long expected, has at length 
made its appearance. 
Mr. Porson’s editions of the tragedies 
of EuririDes, have been reprinted on 
the Continent ; and a very ufeful index 
has been added. 
BaRBy has printed the Philoctetes of 
Sophocles, with a perpetual commentary. 
MatrTuia has printed an interefting vo- 
lumeof Critical Remarks onClaflicAuthors. 
BrucnaTevtt has objerved that when 
nitric acid is made to act upon paper, a 
large quantity of fuberic acid, mixed with 
oxalic acid, is obtained, which proves 
that FourcRroy was right in placing cork 
among the immediate princ:ples of ve- 
getables. 
A piece of amber weighing 13 pounds, 
7 ounces, g fcruples; and meafuring 
3183 cubic inches, has lately been found 
at Schlapaken, in Germany, which is the 
largeft mafs of amber hitherto found, Its 
Literary and Philofophical Intelligence. 
591 
colour is a pale yellow, interfc&ed with 
feveral lines. Its eftimated value is 
40,000 dollars. 
DeMMEntE has CoN that the folu- 
tion of copal may ealily be cifected by-ex- 
pofing it to the vapours of alcohol, or oil 
of turpentine. For that purpofe an alem- 
bic may be filled one-fourth with either 
of thefe fluids, and fome pieces of copal 
fuffered to be fufpended by threads in it, 
over the furface of the fluid. After having 
made the alcohol, or oil of turpentine, boil, 
the copal becomes liquified, and is daft 
folved. This is the belt method of pre- 
paring copal varnifh. 
The following i is-a new method of pre- 
paring nitric ether, by BRUGNATELLI.— 
Introduce into a tubulated retcrt, one 
ounce of fugar, and pour over it two 
ounces of highly concentrated alcohol, 
Adapt to the retort a capacious receiver, 
furrounded with cloth dipt in water, and 
fecure the junctures of tbe veflels, by fur- 
rounding them with flips of paper only ; 
then pour through the tubulare of the re- 
tort 30 ounces ” of concentrated nitrous 
acid ; a violent-ation takes place, the fu- 
gar is diffolved ; the alcchol is converted 
into ether, and pafles over into the recezver ; 
its quantity is nearly equal to the alcohol 
employed. 
The oliferous ChinaRadih, the raphanus 
Chinen/is annuus oliferus, is much culti- 
vated in Piedmont and the Milanefe. 
From 33 ounces of feed, a farmer, named 
Grandi, obtained a produce of 583 pounds, 
which yielded 200 pounds weight of oil. 
The Chinefe extra& from the feed half its 
weight in oil. It is employed by the Ita- 
lians for culinary purpofes, burns without 
emitting any {moke, and gives light as 
clear ascommon oil. Inthe Milanefe, the 
feed 1s fown in March, the land having 
been ploughed in autumn, and again be- 
fore the feed is fown, but not manureds 
The planrs are to be thinned to the dif- 
tance of three or four inches from each other. 
MarTINorF, director of the depart- 
ment of Public Infiruétion; in Ruffia, has 
commenced a periodical publication called 
the Northern Publifher. The firtt num- 
ber contains an account of the State of 
Learning in Ruffia, from the earlielt times 
to the prefent. 
The CouNSELLOR'VON REIMER, ig 
about to publifh a Picture of St. Force 
burgh at the commencement of the nine- 
teenth century. 
Profefior Nycrup, and ofhers, are . 
fuperintending a fuperb edition of the 
whole works of the Father of the Danifh 
‘theatve, the celebrated Lupwic Baron 
HoLBERG. 
M. Deyeux has invented a new filter 
ae for 
ee lee 
