60 
yard or sail, and thus are the extremities 
uf the roller: calied the reefing-roller, 
supported. From the middle of the 
yard, or from the quarters, or from 
poth, it is also supported by sets of 
short rollers, (called friction-rollers), 
each set of which is so disposed, that one 
roller or more is under, and the other 
one in front of the reeting roller, keeping 
ic all times paralled to the yard, and al- 
lowing a free passage for the sail from the 
.fore part of the reefing roller, These 
iviction-rollers also turn on iron gudgeons 
in arms of the same metal, attached to 
the yard, the form of which is not easily 
described without the plate; but they 
are stated to be so formed, that the sail, 
in its ordinary action, does not come in 
contact with them, and when, bv blowing 
over the yard, or any other accident, it 
does, they are dressed with a compo- 
sition, and served with twine, so as to pre- 
vent any ill consequences to the sail. 
The weight and expence of these, and 
the other iron-work fixed to the yard, 
does not exceed double that of the points, 
head-rope, and other tackle, which is 
taken away. The yard, to preventit from 
slueing, is slung with an iron hoop, and 
ai eye standing on the cant, sloping to- 
wards the fore-part of the yard. The 
reefing-roller being now-in its place, and 
the sudgeons secured in the sockets, by 
pins passing over them, the sail is bent, 
by marling on first the new head, which 
is about a foot less squaie than the old 
one, and deep enougn for the roller to 
take it up the first turn. The reef-lines 
being now passed round the enlarged 
ends of the reefing-roller nine or ten times, 
in the opposite way to the sail, and fast- 
ened to them by nail, or staple, they are 
passed through cheek blocks at the yard- 
arms, and lead thence through quarter- 
blocks to the deck. In stretching the 
reef-lines, the old head of the sail will 
come up when it is strongly marled on, 
and the earings hauled out to cleats, on 
the ends of the reefing roiler, which are 
gradually increased in diameter from the 
earings to take up the Jeeciiin proportion 
to the bunt of the sail. On the fore-part 
Review of New Musical Publications, 
[Aug. i, 
of the sail, a reef lining of one breadth of 
canvas extends from the old head to the 
lowest reef, under each set of friction-rol- 
lers, and at the lowest reef, a cringle is 
worked in the leech, from which leads a 
rope through the lower yard-ar ms, called 
the spread-line, the use of which is to haul 
out the leech when reefing close-hauled, 
or when it blows hard, and a close-reefed 
sail is handed, to keep the leech fair, till 
the gaskets are made fast. Suppose a 
topsail bent, as above described, is to be - 
reefed. ‘The reef-lines worked with a 
single and double block, or gun-tackle 
purchase, must be first manned, and then 
the word given to the hand at the halliard 
to ease away handsomely, and by haul- 
ing on the reef-line tackles, as fast as the 
yar rd. comes down, the sail is rolled upon 
the roller as the reef-line works off it. 
When the reef is taken in, the reef-lines 
and halliard are belaved, and the part 
reefed remains firm asd even on the rol- 
ler. When the reef is to be shaken out, 
the reef-line tackle is to be overhauled, 
and the yard hoisted, ull sail enough is 
set; for by this method the quantity yofa 
reef is not defined, being at the option of 
the seaman, from a haudsbreadth to a 
close reef; and by easing away the top- 
gallant-halliard at the same time as the 
top-sail halliards, the top-sail can be reef= 
edwith the top-gallant-sail set upon it with- 
out shaking either. ‘This patent, which 
extends to Scotland, Ireland, and the co- 
lonies, describes another mode of reefing, 
consisting in the application of a new 
head-rope, fixed on the after-part of the 
sail at the reef-band, from cringles in 
which four, six,or more lines lead through 
cheek-blocks on the fore-part of the yard, 
in two or more legs upon deck, by which 
the bunt of the sail is brought up to the 
yard in the same manner as the leech is 
by the ordinary reef-tackles, and the new 
head-rope is brought up parallel to the 
old, and the reefed part which hangs 
down before is prevented from shaking 
by ropes called reef-sheets, which lead 
throug h the Jower yard-arms and quarters 
blocks to the deck, 
REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS. 
Sa 
Six Original Canzenetts, with an Accompaniment 
for the Harp or Piano forte. Composed by F. 
Hook, Esq..5s 
FE find in these canzonetts a live- 
\ liness and fertility of fancy, aided 
by a truth and force of expression, which 
_ will please all those who are fond of the 
simple and genuive varieties of nature. 
The melodies are free, pleasant: and un- 
affected in their style, and by young vo- 
cal practitioners will be found easy of 
acquisition. It is no trivial advantage . 
the 
