382 
Moses; St. Pancras, Cheapside; St. Tho- 
mas, Southwark; and Paddington, main- 
tain all or part of their poor in work- 
houses. The number of persons so main- 
tained during the year ending at Easter 
4803, was 14 ,756, and the expeiices in- 
curred therein was 220,061/. 5s. 7d. being 
at the rate of 14/. 18s. 3d. for each per- 
son maintained in that manner. It ap- 
pears, from the abstracts of the returns 
in 1776, that there were then 56 work- 
houses in these parishes er places, capa-_ 
ble of accommodating 13,270 persons. 
The number of persons relieved out ‘of 
workhouses was 55,145, besides 16,304 
who were not par ficouers: ‘The  expence, 
incurred in relieving those not in work- 
houses, was 112 563. 19s. A large pro- 
portion of those who were not parishio- 
ners appear to have been vagrants, and 
therefore it is probable the relief af- 
forded to this class of poor would not 
exceed two shillings each, amounting to 
1,630/. 8s. it will then leave the rate at 
al. Os. 23d. for each person reheved, who 
were not in workhouses. ‘he resident 
population of the metropolis in the year 
1801, was 864,845, so that the number 
relieved by the poor os appears to be 
in the proportion of 8 =4 to 100, which 
shews that about one in Toate are pau- 
persin London. Of 208 parishes which 
lie in the county of Middlesex, 183 main- 
tain all their poor zn workhouses. The 
number of persons so maintained during 
the year, ending at Easter, 
15,186 ; and the ¢ expence 204, 0481. Qs. 1d. 
being at the rate of 14/. 15s. gh for eagh 
person inthat manner. -It appears, from 
the abstract of 1776, there were then 86 
workhouses capable of accommodating 
13,741 persons. The number of persons 
relieved cut of workhouses was 47,987, 
besides those who_ were not parishoners, 
$2,506; the expence-of ‘the poor not in 
workhouses was 125,152/. 4s. 3d. a large 
proportion of those, not. parishioners, 
were vagrants and therefore probably the 
relief did not exceed two shillings, amount- 
ing to 3,250/. 12s. This sum being de- 
ducted, will leave it at the rate ef 
Ql. 16s. 9£d.for éach parishioner relieved 
out of ‘any workhouse. The number of 
persons relieved in and out of workhouses 
was 63,173 besides those who were not 
parishioners; and, ‘excluding the expence 
for that class of poor, the whole sum 
amounted to 364,034/. Os. 10d. being 
at the rate of 5/. 15s. 3d.for each 
parishioner’relieved. The resident po- _y 
pulation of the county of Middlesex, in 
1801, amounted to 318,129 so that the 
number of parishioners relieved by the. 
Literary and Pailosophical Intelligence. 
1803, was_ 
[Noy a - 
poor rates appears to have been in the _ 
proportion of 8 in 100, which shews that 
about 1 in 123 are paupers in Middle-_ 
Sex. 
The inhabitants of Otaheite, and other ; 
islands in the Pacitic Ocean, ‘have, 1 In a. 
great measure, given over the making” of. 
several of their warlike Instruments, and 
domestic utensils of stone, various speci- 
mens of which may be seen in the British 
Museum, and in the cabinets of the cu- 
rious in England; and which will shortly 
become very rare, as the attainment of 
Cea is already become dificult. This, 
, ina great measure, owing. to the great 
schta of cutlery, and the various ma- 
nufactures of Sheffield and Buomingham, 
taken out by the missionaries, and by 
different ships, to those islands, and dis-_ 
tributed by them in barter among. | the 
islanders. 
Lord Stannope tried the first experi- 
ment with his new-invented vessel in the - 
pond in Kensington Gardens early in Oc- 
tober. 
seven wide, and has a circular bottom, 
The vessel is thirty feet long, by - 
and both ends sharp, similar to the. 
wherries on the Thames. 
On each side, 
towards the ends, as it was to sail either | 
way, without putting about, were three | 
gills, which opened out or closed, b 
means of pulling an ironrod on the deck, 
which rod was cased with copper in such 
a manner as torender it water-proof. In- 
stead of the bottom being pitched out-_ 
side, it was covered by a composition in-_ 
vented by his lordship, which, as soon as 
spread on hot, became so hard as not to - 
be cut without difficalty, and has the qua- 
lity of resisting any forces by which . 
means it answers the purpose of copper 
sheathing. Previously to launching, there . 
was a temporary rudder fixed to one end, 
in order to ascertain which answered best, ‘ 
in point of steering, that or the gills. 
being launched, a ton and a half-of ballast 
was put on board, and Lord Stanhope, a 
as 
“ 
lieutenant of the navy, and some sailors, 
got into the vessel, and rowed up and 
down the pond, the men at the oars pull- 
ing regularly, when it was found that the 
oils increased the velocity in a greater 
degr ee than the rudder, and.turned coast- 
wise with greater case, the vessel having | 
the advantage of returning without put-. 
ting about ship. After this, another _ton 
of ballast was put on ‘board, the masts 
were put in, and the canvas spread, when | 
the vessel sailed majestically with a light 
wind. She again returned with the other 
head foremost without putting about. 
The 6 umes advantages possessed by 
this vessel, are that by adepting the | 
al 
plan 
