1807.] 
but on-the face of the country connected 
with those extensions. The turf trade 
alone, which was unknown a few years 
ago, has made fuel cheap; and at the 
same time afforded employment to thou- 
sands of industrious persons, and been 
the means of drainingand otherwise im- 
proving the country. Dublin, which 
thirty years ago, was not more than half 
fed withcorn trom the interior of Leland, 
and was forced to depend on foreign 
countries for bread, is now become a 
considerable mart for the export of corn, 
whilst the inland countries now rear an 
athletic and laborious peasantry, capable 
at once of enriching and defending their 
native country. 
Mr. Borceau, of 6, Upper Eaton-street, 
Pimlico, continues to deliver his private 
Lectures on Statistics in general, and on 
the present State of Sweden, Russia, Den- 
mark, and Prussia, im particular. He has 
also a Course of Lectures ready on the 
comparativeidioms of the English, French, 
and German, and another on the striking 
atiinity of the German and English lan- 
guage, and on the facility which this at- 
fords to those English students who may 
have but little leisure to devote to the ac- 
quisition of foreign languages. Mr. b's 
public Lectures on these subjects will 
take place as soon as there are twenty 
subseribers to each course. 
RUSSIA. 
The Russian Company for promoting 
Discoveries in the North-west of America 
has taken possession of the island of Sa- 
chin, inthe Sea of Ochosck. ‘Thisisland, 
which extends trom 45° to 52° of north 
latitude, has been described by La Pey- 
rouse. MM. de Krusenstern examined it, 
and determined astronomically diferent 
points of it upon his return from Japan, 
so that it is now perfectly well laid 
down. M.de Krusenstern has made a 
very minute chart of it, and has also ve-- 
rified what was advanced by La Peyrouse, 
namely, that there was no. passage for 
shipping between this island and the east- 
ern coast of Tartary. The northern part 
of the island is inhabited by Tartars and — 
the south-east part by Japanese. 
SWEDEN. . 
The kingdom of Sweden, tneluding Po- 
nerania, contans 13,565 square miles, 
more than half of which is uncultivated. 
The population is estimated at 3,299,356 
souls, which gives 243 persons to each 
square mile. Of this mass there are 
12,063 gentlemen, 16,424 ecclesiastics, 
7,126 students, 1,275 merchants, 17,233 
shopkeepers, 2,605 manufacturers, 87,439 
| trades peop!>, 2,572,996 peasants, 19,655 
Literary and Philosophical Intelligence. 
ASE 
sailors, and 188,734 men iit for mill- 
tary service. The army in 1805, consist- 
ed of 47,165 men, which was aiterwards | 
auginented to 56,165. The fleet is di- 
vided into the grand tleet and the galley 
fleet. The first, in 1805, consisted of 
sixteen sail cf the line fit for service, 
twelve frigates, aud several other small 
vessels, The galley fleet ainounted to 
183 sail. These two fleets carried, 3,048 
guns, and had 14,208 sailors. The reve- 
nues of the state are 11,500,000 florins, 
the expences 11,050,000, and the national 
debt eighteen millions. 
DENMARK. 
An Official Statement relating to the 
Danish colenies in Greenland for the 
year 1804, has lately been published a 
Copenhagen by the Danish government, 
by which it appears that there were 
caught in that year forty-seven whales, 
five thousand one hundred seals, six 
bears, and two hundred and ninety uni-_ 
corns, or sea-cows. ‘There. were seven 
ships employed in the trade, and the 
goods exported amounted to 69,105 rix- 
dollars, amongst wiich were provisions 
to the amount of 25,345 rix-dollars. Vhe 
total population of all the colonies, as- 
certained to June, 1805, was 6,046 per- 
sons, being an increase of one hundred 
and eiglity-one since the year 1802. 
FRANCE. 
M. Grirses, clock-maker at Paris, 
has invented a clock without weights, of a 
globular form, of which the dial-plate 1s 
transparent, and by means of a reflecting 
lamp on Argand’s construction, shews the 
figure to a great distance. Bya particu- 
larity of formation, neither the wheels, 
the hands, nor the pendulum cast any 
shadow, The light may be made stron- 
ger or weaker, and adapted to the sick 
chamber, or to clocks in the most publie 
situations, where it answers the purpose 
of a time-piece, and of a lamp at the same 
time. 
Bowapante has presented the Impe- 
rial Library at Paris with two hundred 
and forty-eight scarce and valuable ma- 
huscripts, most of which are in the Orien- 
tal Languages, and with eighty typogra- 
phic monuments of the 15th century ; 
among which is a copy of Bonner’s Fables, 
the only one extant. In the collection 
of manuscripts is a copy ef the Edda, the 
sacred book of the Scandinavian mytho-, 
logy, which is written on vellum in the 
Scandinavian language. 
HOLLAND. 
‘Holland at present boasts of a great 
number of literary societies the principal 
of which are: the Society of Arts and 
sciences 
