{ 286) 
fApril 1, 
NEW PATENTS LATELY ENROLLED. | 
=e ik 
JAMES DAY’s (WHITECHAPEL), for a Me- 
thed of making Spruce, or Dantzie 
Spruce. i: 
HIS spruce is made after the follow- 
Ing manner: two bushels of fine 
wheat, five of barley, and three of rye, 
are toe be thoroughly dried by means of a 
Kiln or otherwise, and then to be ground. 
In this state it 1s to be mixed with three 
Sendred gallons.of water, and boiled. 
After a sufficient boiling and straining, 
five hundred pounds of molasses properly 
prepared, three pints of pure turpentine, 
and five pounds ef bark,are tobe used with 
the liquor, and the whole is to be fer- 
mented with yeast or the grounds of por- 
ter. Spruce made according to the spe- 
evfieation before us, and of whick we 
have given a brief outline, is said to be ex- 
¢ellent when taken internally forthe cure 
ef sprains, &e. as well as adapted for 
common beverage. 
SSS \ 
HE LOVIS CARON’S (LATE OF THECITY OF 
Parts), for @ New Mode of munufac- 
wg Perukes, and for a Machine for 
measuring the Head, &c. for Perukes. 
Ehis gentleman proposes, instead of 
the use of hair, to interweave with the 
air, sitk, in the proportion of two or 
three or more hairs, to one of silk. The 
mode of weaving, is to be similar to that 
made use of m the manufacture of silk 
ergauze. In the specification are given 
exact directions as to the best method of 
working, and ‘how iron. wire is to be in- 
trodaced to order to make the wig sit 
close to the head in all its parts: for the 
same purpose directions are given for 
weavine the part which is to be a substi- 
tute for the ribbon, usually attached to 
itas a border, in order to make it ft. 
For the particulars of these we must re- 
fer to the specification itself, and also 
ra more minute account of the machine 
for ineasuring the head: observing, how- 
ever, that this instrument consists of a 
box, in which are two brass frames pro- 
perly drilled to admit of nearly two hun- 
dre: moveable wires, which, when placed 
enthe head, proyectand mark the box,and 
from these marks the exact figure af the 
skull is to be taken. 
MR. WILLIAM CHAPMAN'S (NEWE€ASTLE- 
UFON-TYNE), for a Method of redu- 
cing the Wear of Ropes, used in draw- 
ine Coals, &e.from Pits. 
‘his inventien must, if applicable to 
the extent of the wishes of the patentee, — 
be of the utmost importance in the neigh- 
bourhoed of his own residence ; it being, 
according to his own account, of chief 
utihty where great quantities are to be 
drawn from deep pits m @ short time, 
and where the aid of steam-engines 1s 
required. ‘The methods made use of are, 
first, the reducing the shock arising from 
suddenly putting the basket er tub of 
coals in motien, and diminishing the ef- 
fect of any other shocks which may be 
received during the ascent or descent of 
the coals; and secondly, in causing the 
rope to wear more equally throughout 
from end to end, preventing its fibres 
from heing* torn, or deprived of their 
elasticity, by the rope being kept in fulk 
stretch round the winding barrel, after 
ceasing to suspend the weight raised. In 
deep coal-mines, baskets containing eight 
hundred weight of coals, are drawn up 
with a mean velocity, exceeding ten feet 
per second: the first lifting is almost iu- 
stuntaneous; the shock is accordingly 
considerable in starting the loaded: 
basket, and also when it chances to 
strike underneath the light one, which 
from its size and mode of manufacture ge- 
nerally weighs about two hundred pounds; 
consequently as they approach each other 
with a velocity frequently exceeding 
twenty feet per second, the shocks they 
give by striking each other, shorten the 
duration of the ropes. 
The remedy proposed, is to cause the 
pulhes over which the rope passes imme- 
diately above the pit, or any pulley in the 
approach to it, to recede and slack out™ 
the rope on its receiving increased ten- 
sions, and to return when the tension is 
lessened: this is performed by suspend- 
ing them on any thing elastic, either of 
metal or wocd; or they may he coun- 
terpoised by a weight on a spiral, or by a 
series of weights capable of resisting the 
varying pressure on the pulley, and of 
giving way or receding on receiving a 
sudden impulse, so as to divide and re- 
duce the effect of a shock, or the spring 
and weights may ke combined in these 
and other instances. 
Another method of reducing the shock, 
is to give motion to the rope-wheel or 
barrel, by the intervention, of strong 
springs, either by the axis being im twe 
parts connected by springs and coupling 
bar, or by the wheel or barrel turning on 
an axis, and being held by springs fixed 
te 
