$04. i stabl 
only the mterest of the money it is ne- 
cessitated to borrow, how little. compara- 
tive burden it impos es, according to its 
very profuse expence. That the “hation 
has not become poorer by its wars, is evi- 
dent from the facility with which it bor- 
Tows and pays: and the means afforded 
by these loans of realizing money, at a 
good interest and security, encreases the 
number, at least, of the best customers, 
the unproductive labourers ; though we 
do not presume to dispute otherjust ideas 
upon that head. 
That a sponge can ever be necessary, 
is truly absurd ; or that it could be pro- 
posed by a thi nking g person, still more so. 
The sojl is the source of all wealth, and 
the circulating medium a mere represen- 
tative of it. In England there is an un- 
mense number of acres of waste land, 
and the national creditor wants no more, 
nor can want, but comforts and luxuries. 
‘The use to be made of this resource, and 
the manner how it is to act, is not the 
peint in quéstion. All that is meant is, 
that the national debt is a mortgage upon 
the kingdom, by no means adequate io 
the value of the estate; and the mort- 
gagee not being able to foreclose, there 
ean be ‘no necessity for ‘bankruptcy, on 
account of the interest. 
In short, the Soil is a very prolific lady, 
and so often in thé straw, that her fa- 
mily must inevitably be got rid of, by 
foreign and other commerce, or they will 
reduce her to beggary. 
ee 
To ihe Editor of the Monthly Magazine. 
SIR, 
N planting on high, rocky, and dry 
situations, I particularly recommend 
epening the holes to receive the plants, 
early in autumn, and to plant evergreens 
in the month of September, and deci- 
duous trees in October, if the holes have 
been well moistened. 
I believe the oak, and other deciduous 
trees may be pruned while young, (to 
the beech it is essential,) to give thema 
form, and to push on their height, and in- 
crease the trunk, by preventing a waste 
of nourishment to large and unsightly side 
branches. It should be per formed ‘early 
“an ‘winter, perhaps in autumn. I have 
noticed in praning vines In my grapery, 
that from such as are cut after Christ- 
mas, a bleeding ensues when the sap be- 
gins to move; whereas, when in full 
leaf. Bhs may apply the knife without any 
such danger. If the sap does not issue 
from the wound 
trees, I would prefer pruning in the sum- 
in deciduous forest 
‘to ruin. 
hing of Bene) ié Socteties on wrong Calculations. [May 1, 
” » 
mer months, as part of the cicatrix will 
be formed before winter. Beech bear 
the kmife better than any other trees; 
it may be performed with safety till they 
are a foot round, 
Huglith, 
November 25, 1807. 
SEE 
To the Ediior of the Monthly Magazine. 
SIR, 
SHE pleasure you express (pages 87 
and 88, vol. xxi. of your Maga- 
zine) to have detived from hearing of the 
institution of the Annvitant Society at 
Liverpool, and of the beneficial effects 
resulting from the establishment of the 
Friendly Societies at Lancaster and UI- 
verstone, induces me to trouble you with 
a few observations. If you consider 
them to be of sufficient importance, f 
will thank you to give them a place in 
one of your numbers, at your earhest 
conveniency. 
It is certainly pleasant to hear from all 
quarters, of the extent of relief aftorded 
to thousands of individuals by Friendly 
Societies for the rehef and support of - 
their members in old age, sickness, and 
infirmity, and of the advantages result- 
ing therefrom to the community at large. 
The legislature has wisely encouraged 
their establishment, and by 33d Geo, 
IT}. chap. 54, passed sundry salutary and 
liberal enactments in their favour: in 
consequence of which, and of their evi- 
dent utility, their number is continually 
increasing on the north, as well as the 
south side of the Tweed. But in my 
opinion the greater part, at least a con- 
siderable number of those already estab- 
lished in Scotland, and I am told the 
case is the same in England, are estab- 
lished on very erroneous principles, and 
without due attention to the proper cal- 
culations for ensuring the permanency of 
their beneficial effects, until the period 
when these effects would be of thé great- 
est utility, agreeably to the original de~ 
sign. Their means, “unfortunately, prove 
inadequate to the liberality of their prin- 
ciples. They prosper for a while, but 
when at maturity, are found unable to 
bear their full weight. For a few years 
their funds necessarily accumulate, and a 
few are happily relieved from want: but 
afterwards, when the claimants become 
more numerous, the resources became 
inadequate without continued additional. 
levies, and even after these levies have 
been repeatedly exacted, the societies go 
This certainly must proceed 
from 
Your's, &c. 
FE. Harris. 
