4808.] State of Public 
ke? 
s¢ It is very probable that tlie evil inten- 
tions or ignerance of choughitless men have 
led to the commission of revolutionary disor- 
ders, under the mask of patriotism and at- 
tachment co the Sovereign. It is therefore 
the duty of those who are better informed, to 
enlighten them, aad to deliver them from so 
dangerous an error, by*shewing them that 
such tumultuous proceedings, far, from pfo- 
ducing a well-regulated administration, only 
serve to throw the country into a state of con- 
vulsion; by tearing asunder those bonds of 
subordination upon which the peace of the 
gommunity depends, by destroying the feeling 
of humanity, and annihilating all- confidence 
in the government, to which aione it belongs 
to give a uniform direction and impulse to the 
sentiment of patriotism, 
“* {hese most impvurtant truths can by 
none be impressed upon the minds and hearts 
of the people with more beneficial effect than 
by the ministers of he religion of Jesus Christ, 
which breathes nothing but peace and bro- 
therly love among men, and subjection, ho- 
nour, and obedience toall that are in autho» 
rity: and as the Holy College ought to be, 
and always have been the first to give an ex- 
ample to the ministers of peace, we conceived 
that it accord:d with our.office and our duty, 
to address this letter to you, with the view 
that, on perusing its contents, you should 
likewise co-operate in the preservation of 
public tranquillity. You are requiredto no- 
tify the same to all the subordinate officers 
of your respective courts, and also to the com- 
missioners of districts, that all and every of 
you should with all possible zeal, vigilance, 
and prudence, co-operate in the attainment of 
so important an object. God preserve you. 
66 Madrid May, 6.” (Signed) 
66 Don CurisTOVAL Cos ¥ VivERO.” 
AMERICA. 
A letter from Mr. Erskine, to Secretary - 
Maddison, dated February 23d, was, an 
the 2d April, ordered by the Senate to 
be printed, as was also a letter trom M. 
Champagny, to General Armstrong, dated 
January 15th, Mr. Erskine’s letter com- 
municates his Majesty’s Orders in Coun- 
cil, and argues very strongly the neces- 
sity his Majesty was under of recurring 
to this measure, from the conduct of neu- 
tral nations, who not only have not op- 
posed the unjust decrees of France; but 
submitted to whatever regulations she 
may have prescribed for giving effect to 
her decrees. That iis Majesty would 
have been fully justified had he declared 
all the coasts of France and her alhes in 
a close state of blockade; bat with his 
usual moderation he has made many 
material exceptions to qualify the ope- 
ration of the orders, on neutral nations in 
general; but peculiarly favourable to the 
particular interests of the United States. 
Affairs in June. 9) 54g. 
M. Champagny’s letter declares, that ° 
the proceedinys of England: towards ail’ 
governments are so contrary to the law 
of nations, that recourse against this. 
power is no longer to be found in the or-* 
dinary means of repression. To annoy’ 
her it has becuie necessary to turn her 
own arms against herself, and if aggres-' 
sions result therefrom, she is entirely to 
blame. ‘The United States'in particular 
have reason to complain of the aggres- 
sions of England, especially in the de~ 
crees of the 1ithof November, which his 
Majesty Napoleon has no deubt will in- 
duce a declaration of war against her by 
the United ‘States; in fact, he considers 
these two nations actually at war, since 
the publication of their monstrous de- 
crees. In that persuasion his Majesty, 
ready to consider the United States as 
associated with the cause of ail the pow- 
ers, 
who have to defend themselves 
against England, bas not taken any de~ 
finitive measure towards the American 
vessels which may have been brought’, ” 
into our ports. tle has ordered that 
they should remain sequestrated, until a 
decision may be had thereon, according 
to the dispositions which shall- have been’ 
expressed by the government of the 
United States. eee 
There are also published the following 
documents:—A letter from Mr. Canning 
to Mr. Munroe, dated the 23d of Septem- 
ber, 1807, announcing the appointment 
of Mr, Rose to treat relative to the 
Cheasapeake, his Majesty being deter- 
mined not to mix that affair with the 
other points in dispute. Mr, Monroe’s 
answer is dated the 29th of September, 
He informs’ Mr. Canning, that he cannot 
separate these points from the affair of 
the Chesapeake. A letter from’ Mr, 
Rose coir. Maddison, dated the 26th of 
January, 1808, and announcing that he 
cannot enter upon any negociaticn for 
adjusting the affair of the Chesapeake, 
as long as the Proclamation of the Presi- 
dent, of the 2a of July, 1807, shall be in 
force; Mr. Maddison’s answer, dated on 
the 5th of Marcv, entering into the de- 
tails of the conduct adopted towards 
American ships since sinner; 1804, in 
order to shew that. before the Proclamas 
tion of the President should become a 
subject of consideration, reparation 
should be made tor the aggressions thas 
preceded it. Then follows Mr. Rose’s ’ 
ultimatum, dated the 17th of March, in 
which he says,!that ‘* It is with the most 
profound reyret that I feel myself under 
the necessity of declaring that [am an- 
\ able 
