S84 
aiid hospitals, market-towns, population, 
principal fand-holders at various periods, 
and sevice extinct families, thé nobi- 
lity of the county, noblemens’ seats; ba- 
ronets extinct and existing, principal 
gentry and their seats, a seouraphical 
and geological description of the county, 
its produce, natural history, rivers and 
navigablé canals, reads, manufacturés, 
antiquities, British and Roman roads and 
statrons, aycient church architectve, 
ancient painted glass, rood-lofis, screens, 
&c.. Fonts, stone stalls and pisenie, 
ancient sepulchral monuments, monastic 
remains, castles and sites of castles, an 
 clent mansiof-houses, crosses, Camps 
anil earth-works, and niiscellaneous. an: 
sana followed by the parochial tepo- 
graphy; alphabetically arranged. 
The most interesting of the preliminary 
sections are thosé which comprise a his- 
tory of our church architecture, from the 
eleventh century to the sixteenth; ac- 
eompanied throughout by plates, the 
subjects of which have been principally 
selected fram the cathedral of Ely. Nuch 
is also said im illustration of ancient 
Sepuichral monuments; some very beau- 
tiful specimeiis of which-are engraved : 
but the most interesting plate in the 
work is probably the design for the tower 
of King’s college, Cambridge, from an 
original drawing in the British Museam. 
| As specimens of the parochial topo- 
grapliy, we shall quote the descriptions 
of Newmarket and Great Shelford. 
“ Newmarket, inthe hundred of Cheve- 
ley, and deanery 6f Fordham, (in the 
diocese of Norwich,) is a market-town, 
thirteen miles from Cambridge and sixty- 
ene from London. ft consists of two 
parishes, and stands partly in Cambridge- 
shire, and partly in Svffolk. The market 
is on Tuesday, the fairs are Whitsun 
Tuesday and November the 8th. We 
have not tound any enrolment of the 
charter, bat it is probable that the town, 
which wé first find mentioned in record, 
in the year 1227,* took its name from A 
market then recently established. In 
the parish of All Saints, which isin Cam- 
bridgeshire, stands the kiny’s house, first 
built by King James I. for the purpose 
-of enjoying the amusement of hunting. 
THis successor, the unfortunate Charles, 
was bronght thither a prisoner by the 
army in 1647; he was removed from the 
house of Lady Cutts, at Chil derley, on 
the 9th of June, having requested it as a 
favour fromm Cromwell and Fairfax: the 
head-quarters of the army were then at. 
$sice 
* Cart, 11. Hen, HI. 
Retrospect of Domestic Literature-Topography, es 
the neighbouring’ village of Kennet. Tn 
conducting him from Childerley to New- 
market, they took him, by way of Trum- 
pington to avoid passing through Cam- 
bridge, the town’s people having testified 
a disposition to shew him respect; San- 
derson gays, that flowers. were thrown 
before him in the highway as he passed 
from Childerley.* The king remained 
about ten days at Newmarkét-# 
« King Charles H. rebuilt the house at 
Newmarket, which had fallen to decay 
during tae civil wars; and frequently re- 
sorted thither for the sake of the races. 
On the 9294 of March, 1688, it being then 
the time of thé races, the town was nearly 
destroyed by an accidental fire. The 
King and- Queen, and the Duke of York, 
were then at? Newmarket, and their being 
in Conséquéncé Obligéed to réturi hastily 
to London, some days before the time 
appointed for their journey, is said, by 
sume Writers; to havé decasioned the’ de- 
feat of the Rye-house plot.{, The races 
at Newmarket,f have, ever since, been 
honoured by royal patronage, and both 
on that account, and the excellence of 
the course, have maintained a celebrity — 
mach surpassing that of ayy other m the 
kingdom. His present niajesty has nevér 
visited Newmarket, but the races’ have 
been frequently honoured with the pre- 
sence of his Royal Highness thé Prince 
of Wales. The races afte held seven 
times in the year, being distinguished by 
the names of the Craven meeting; the 
first and second spring meetings; the 
July nieeting; the first and séceond Oc- 
tober meetings; and the third October, 
or ffoughton meeting:|| the whole of the 
racecourse is in Cambridgeshire, 
—— 
* Life of King Charles I. p. 986. 
+ See Whitelocke’ s Memoirs, p. 257. 
+ See Bishop Pratt’s sl: ae Rye- 
house Plot. 
§ We have found no mention: oF these 
races before the reign of Charles II. but it is 
probable that there had.been races at Newe 
market at an earlier period. Sir Simon 
D’Ewes, in his Journal, makes incidental 
mention of a horse-race in Cambridgeshire, in 
the reign of King James I near Linton, at 
which town most of the company lay on the 
night of the race. ‘op. Britt. Number XV. 
P- #1. t : 
j, Phe Craven medting begins on the Mon - 
day in Easter week ; the first spting meeting 
on the Monday fortnight following ; the se- 
cond spring meeting a fortnight afterwards ; 
the July meeting early in that month ; the 
first October meeting on the Monday of that 
week in. which the Art Thursday in October 
falls ; the remaindzy within the month of 
October. 
44 The. 
