isi0.] 
delineation of country girls, swains, 
&c. Modern authors, Winckelmann ob- 
serves, mistake Fauns for ugly, large- 
headed, short-necked, high-shouldered,. 
thick-lezged beings, whereas no such in- 
stance occurs in sculpture. The LMncy- 
clopedie des Antiquités (v. Faunes) says, 
that Feuns are commonly represented 
young, and are calied Silent when they 
are old, This is only another version of 
the following passage in Montfaucon. 
“ The Sileni are generally distinguished 
from the Satyrs by their age. The same 
persons, according to several authors, 
when they are young, are called Sutyrs, 
and when they are old, Silene.” The 
Saiyrs, Silent, Faent, Pans, and Silvant, 
are often confounded together. ‘This 1s 
borrowed from the poets, and as they 
differ entirely from. the artists of anti- 
quity, it is sufficient to say, that each of 
these presumed assimilations has a very 
distinct and characteristic répresenta- 
tion. Before the publicationsof Winck- : 
—elmann, the works onsculpture were full 
of errors; and this is one among numbers 
which have been propagated: He con- 
eedes the old Sutyrs, called also Szlenz, 
and this again is not correct; for certain 
it is, that the goats legs and feet are in- 
dispensable to Saiyrs, but not to Szlend, 
as is proved by the paintings at Hercu- 
Janum, the coins ef the Troad ( Vail. 
Colon.) and, stataes at Rome. What 
foydens the nymphs were, and what 
gambols they had: with tipsy Silenus, 
Virgil telis us in his Geh Eclogue ; but it 
is by no means certain that this has-relief 
has not adirect allusion to some specific 
mythological fact. | 
No. 2.. A bas-relief, representing a 
Candelabrum. Fillets. hang’ down from 
each side of the candelabrum. . The 
. use of bandelets was infinite among the 
ancients. Vhe ornament of a rope of 
flowers, so commonly annexed to: can- 
delabra, refers to the Bacchanalian 
dances; and candelabra, with appen- 
duges of this nature, allude to festivities, 
See the plate in LMontfiwcon, v. ai. p.2. 
b. 4, c. 2. Upon the bases of the can 
delabra of S. Aynes, at Rome, some 
doves, who are surrounding them with 
bandelets, issue froma ground of foliage. 
‘ No. 3. Ditio, in the centre of «hich is. 
a pilaster pedestat, supporting a vase, the 
handles of which are composed of Griffins’ 
heads, Several other mythological symbols 
are represented on this monument. .With- 
out affirming that Candelabra were never 
used forsdomestic purposes, it 1s ¢ertain, 
from ancient monuments, that they were 
~ 
Remarks on the Townley Statues. 207 » 
chiefly devoted te religious. uses. in Da: 
Choul, 15 Elagabalus holding a patera 
over a pedestaled column, lighted at top, 
In the famons Months of Lambecius, 
January is throwing incense upon a fire 
lighted on the top of a Candelabrum, by 
the side of winch is a coce. The mytho- 
logical symbols, (as they are styled) are 
_a duck, stork, &e. Wow a duck and a 
stork (or.a heron, as Rivnifaucon) ac= 
company Febrwary in the same figures of 
Lambecius, These figures are clearly 
supported by Ausonius in his descrip=— 
tious. In the same months we find ance 
ther candelabrum, (with a candle stuck 
in tt), it being hollow at top, in a bowl, 
fitted beth for holding a lamp, or any 
fire, and burning before an image of Ve= 
nus 1p the Medicean attitude, like the 
Roman-eatholic tapers burning before 
images not Venuses. From the occur 
rence therefore of Candelabra, and the 
symbols in the representations of the: 
months, it is extremely probable chat 
this bas-relief was part of a series, whicia 
referred to the months of the year; or-at 
least comprised a groupe taken from that 
subject. 
No, 4, Bacchus received by Icarus, ag ° 
before, : 
No. 5. A funeral monument, &c. 
No. 6. In the flat early style of Grew 
cian sculpture. It represents Custor mae 
nuging a horse. the flat early style of 
the sculpture is shown by knees very 
small, ancles wide. The mane of the 
horse is hogeed, 
Castor appears alone upon the coins of 
Beryte; though there are distinct figures 
of Pollux at the Villa Albani, the 
Capito], and Farnese palace; though in 
Maffei and Valliant, are the brothels to. 
gether, each holding a horse; yet the 
separation of the Divscuri is so very rare, : 
that if the appropriation be proved to be 
accurate, which depends upon the bon- 
net, or bonnet and star, or helmet and : 
flame, a circumstance which this writer 
forgot to notice, it is very singular, It 
is true, I believe, that there are some. 
single Castors at Rome; that a Castor - 
does eccur singly.in the Gaulish monue | 
ments found in the cathedral at Paris; 
but Pollux followed next. The horse ig 
no exclusive test of Castor or Pollux. 
Feneral monuments are inferior in exe- 
cution to other ,bas-reliefs, and if the - 
“appropriate symbol of the Cabires be 
wanting, the writer of this article is of 
. Opinion, that the horse, being common on 
» funeral monuments, as a designation of 
rank, perhaps (Archaeol, xiii, 287), this’ 
18 
Though the bead of» 
