394 
this must be added about three millions 
of gallons of gin and rum, distilled in 
cities; making an aggregate of fifteen 
millions of gallons. ; 
The importations of foreign spirits are 
nevertheless very consideradle, having 
amounted during the years 2806 and 
1807, to 9,750,000. gailons a-year, and 
yielding a net annual revenue to the 
United States of 2,865,000 dollars. 
The quantity of malt liquors made in 
the United States, is nearly equal to their 
consumption. i 
The annual foreign importations amount 
only to 185,000 gallons, And the an- 
nual exportations of American beer and 
cider to 187,009 gallons. 
But the amount actually made, cannot 
be correctly stated. It has been said, 
that the breweries of Piiladelphia eon- 
sumed annually 150,000 bushels of malt ; 
and exclusively of the numerous esta- 
blishments on a smaller scale, dispersect 
throughout the country, extensive brew- 
éries are known to exist in New York 
and Baltimore. 
From those data, the aggregate value 
of spirituous and malt liquors annually 
made in the Uinted States, cannot be 
estiinated at less than ten millions of 
dollars, 
Iron and Manufuetures of Iron.—The 
iufermation received respecting that im- 
portant branch is very unperfect. It is 
however well known that tron ore 
abounds, and that numerous furnaces and 
furges are erected throughout the United 
States. ‘Phey supply a sufficient quan- 
tity of hollow ware, and of castings of 
every description: bute about 4,500 tons 
ef bar iron are annually imported from 
Russia, and probably an equal quantity 
from Sweden and England together. A 
vague estimate states the amount of bar 
tron annually used im the United States 
at fifty thousand tons, which would leave 
ahout forty thousand for that of American 
manufacture, Although a great propor- 
tion of the ore found in Vermont, Pena- 
svivania, Maryland, and Virginia, be of 
a superior quality, and some of the iron 
manufactured there equal to any ime 
ported, it is to be regretted that from the 
great demand, and from want of proper 
attention in the manufacture, much in- 
ferror American iron is brought to mar- 
_ ket. On that-account, the want of the 
_ ordinary supply of Russian iron has bee 
feit in some of the slitting and rolling 
mills. But whilst a reduction of the 
duty on Russian won is asked from se-~ 
Alarming Report on American Manufactures. 
[ Dec. I, 
, . 
veral quarters, it is generally stated that 
a high or prohibitory duty on English 
bar, slit, rolled, and sheet iron, would be 
beneficial; that which is usually imported 
on account of its cheapness, being made- 
with pit coal, and of a very inferior qua- 
lity. 
The annual importations of sheet, slit, 
and hoop iron, amount to five hundred 
and sixty-five tons; and the quentity 
rolled and slit in the United States, is 
estimated at seven thousand tons, In 
the state of Massachusetts alone, are 
found thirteen rolling and slitting mills, 
in which about 3,500 tons of bar iron, 
principally from Russ, are annually 
roled or slit. A portion is used for 
sheet wwon and nail rods for wrought 
nails; but two-thirds of the whole quan- 
tity of bar iron, flattened by machisery 
in the United States, is used in the ma- 
nufacture of cut nails, which has now 
extended throughout the wlrole country, 
and beimg altovether an American in- 
vention, substituting machinery to ma- 
nual labour, deserves particular notice. 
Tt will be sufficient here to state, that the 
anuual product of that branch alone, may 
be estimated at twelve hundred thousaneé 
dollars ; and that, exclusively of the 
saving of fuel, the expense of manufac- 
turing cut nails is not one-third part of 
that of forging wrought nails. About 
two hundred and eighty tons are already 
annually exported; but the United States 
continue to import annually more thar 
fifteen hundred tons of wrought nails and 
spikes, An increase of duty on these, 
and a drawback on the exportation of 
the cut nails, is generally asked for. 
A considerable quantity of blistered, 
and some refined steel, are made ir 
America: the foreign importations ex- 
ceed 11,000 cwt. a-year, 
The manufactures of iron consist prin- 
cipally of agricultural implements, and of 
all the usual work performed by cona- 
mon blacksmiths, To these may be ad- 
ded, anchors, shovels and spades, axes, 
scythes, and other edge-tools, saws, bits 
and stirrups, and a great variety of the © 
coarser articles of ironmongery; but cut. 
lery, and all the finer species of hard — 
ware and of steel work, are almost alto- 
gether imported from Great Britaim, 
Balls, shells, and cannon of small caliber, 
are cast in several places; and three 
founderies for casting solid those of the 
largest caliber, together with the proper 
machinery for boring and finishing thei, 
are established at Cecil county, Mary- 
ati, 
» 
