1811,] 
to the axis of the cylinders, and so dis- 
posed as to produce the effect of split- 
ting. For the proper placing of the 
edge of the knife, the frame is made with 
parallel sides, so as to fit between grooves 
or supports, upon or between the up- 
rights of the principal frame; and the 
said grooves or supports are proyided 
with suitable adjustments by screws, 
wedges, &c. by means of which the 
said frames can be so placed and secured, 
From each side of the knife there is a 
curved piece of metal diverging there- 
from, so as to cause the parts of the hide 
or leather to separate, and be duly car- 
ried off after cutting. There is also a 
feeding roller, which revolves on its axis 
in front of, and parallel to, the forcing 
cylinders. The method of working is as 
follows: One end of the hide or leather 
is attached by pins to the feeding roller, 
by turming which the leather is wound 
thereon, and duly disposed, so as to pre- 
sent the other end to the cylinders. The 
knife being so disposed and fixed as that 
the edge thereof shall be at the proper 
position for slitting, the upper cylinder 
is then to be pressed towards the lower, 
by means of the screws, so as firmly to 
take hold of the hide or leather; the 
cylinders being made to revolve, will 
force the hide, &c. against the edge of 
the knife, which will split or shave the 
same; and one part of it will pass down- 
wards, and the other upwards, The 
feeding roller is resisted in its revolu- 
tion by a friction-lever, or any other 
force, whereby any degree of tension 
may be given to the hide or leather as 
it is drawn off. Mr. Warren declares 
that the chief improvements consist in 
the use of the fixed knife, and in so 
placing and confining it as to meet the 
hide before it escapes from the action of 
the forcing cylinders; and also in the 
construction of, and the manner in which 
a powertul action js obtained from, the 
fereiig cylinders, whereby the hide, as 
it passes through, has not room to deviate, 
but must necessarily be forced, and pro- 
ceed right onward to the knife, and un- 
dergo the splitting and shaving intended. 
- By this machine the hides, &c. may be 
divided into any thickness required, and 
with great expedition; and, when divided, 
they are left with smooth surfaces, and free 
from any marks of the knife. 
the hides or skins intended to be split or 
- Shaved, will determing the sizes of the cy- 
jinders as to the length thereof, and the 
@ther parts must be made to correspond, 
Patents lately enrolled. 
The sizes of 
541 
MR, WILLIAM WATTs’s (BaTH), for Me-» 
thods of combining and disposing of © 
Machinery, and applying the different 
Powers of Wind, Water, and Cattle, to 
the Improvement of Mills. 
In the drawings annexed to this spe- : 
cification, we have a representation of 
the machinery for forming a wind-mill of 
great power: there are shewn through ° 
the head of the mill two drum-wheels, 
having at each end iron plates, in which 
are cavities at proper distances to receive 
the axles of the sails. Over the drume : 
wheels, two chains work, connecting at } 
regular distances the axle of each sail; : 
these axles, in going round the drums, : 
fall into the cavities in the plates of the : 
drum, Qn each end of every axle is a 
small wheel, runnipg in a channel formed » 
in the framing -of the mill, and serving 
to steady the sails. Upon each axle is: 
a frame, which has fitted within it, and 
playing on a joint or pivot at bottom, 
another frame; to thig inner frame is 
fastened the sail, which may be of can- 
vas or other materials. On each side of » 
the outer frame is a support of wood or: 
iron, that rans from the axle of the pre= 
ceding sail to the upper part of the sac= 
ceeding frame, playing on a pin, These 
are supports to the frames against the 
power of the wind, and which, by playing : 
top and bottom, allow the sails to turn. 
round the drums at each end; at the 
upper ends of each outer frame is fixed ; 
a sheave or pulley, over which passes a 
rope; this is fastened to each upper 
corner of the inner frame or sail at.one 
end, and at the other end it has a spring 
that has two small grooved wheels runs 
ning in a channel, contracted more at 
the upper than at the lower end, so as- 
to produce any degree of resistance that 
the sails may be required to make against 
the wind. These springs regulate the 
sails, so that when they receive too great 
an impulse, they pull the springs on each 
side, and the sails recline, suffering the. 
extra power to fly off, The body of the 
mill may be of various shapes and dimen- . 
sions: where space is much wanted for 
a manufactory, it may form a circle. 
The head may travel round on wheels, 
and in a channel; and, being placed to 
such an angle of the wind as where the 
sails act to the greatest advantage, the 
under sails being sheltered from the 
wind, and the upper ones receiving it in 
an angle between each other, they pull 
round the drum-wheels by their extre= 
mities, to the shaft of which is fixed the 
. manufacturing 
% 
