‘ 
#13 
evils, particular attention should be paid 
to the facility of washing by stene reser- 
voirs and net-towels; and also to the 
dress and habit worn. hy the workman 
during his hours of labour. ‘The shirt is 
certainly very. improperly exposed, as 
being a garment worn for days. Baths, 
and an entire change of dress, when 
leaving work, -here naturally suggest 
themselves; but it would be useless to 
urge whatit would he vain tu expect. 
It is obvious, that there are scarcely 
any modes of employment, however lit- 
tie action they imply, which can be per- 
formed in an erect attitude, without 
compelling much more motion in- the 
whole body, than when executed in a 
sedentary posture. In many-employ- 
menis, the latter position is unavoidable ; 
but where it is not so, it should be de- 
nied, 
So much for exercise and cleanliness, 
according to the principles of this essay, 
which exclude both trouble and expense; 
and I shall now consider that of food. 
The regulations adopted in the navy, are 
worthy of consideration ; but as they im- 
ply coercion, and refer to particular si- 
‘tuations, useful hints can only be derived 
fromthem. Onthis head, various useful 
works have been published by Dr. Trot- 
ter, and others. It is evidently unfortunate 
that the wages of the manufacturer are 
commonly expended upon tea, showy . 
articles of dress, and. liquors, instead of 
more substantialnutriment, That useful 
root, potatoes, is alone an exception to 
the melancholy picture; and has, besides, 
the good efiect of promoting a more 
wholesome exercise at times, in the cul- 
tivation of it. So much of health de- 
pends upon regimen and diet, that no 
point can be more urgently impressed, 
and no one can be less expected to be 
successful. It is plain, that according to 
the nature of the work, and quality of 
the materials, ought the diet of the work-/ 
rian to be regulated; and that both the 
kinds and the quantities should be esta-. 
blished by these and other circumstances 
of asimilar kind. It would therefore be 
adviseable, that in every manufactory a 
skilful pbysician should be consulted, 
who should form a code of.rules, upon, 
these and similar points, which should 
be printed and given to each of the work- 
men, in order that the influence of the 
wife may assist; and that the master 
should give encouragement to those who 
observe them, which is all, that, strictly 
speaking, is, ereven can be, in his power, 
What this diet ought to be, cannot of 
Onihe Means of presere 
‘sion of selfish considerations. 
ing the Healih, and . [Oct.1, 
course be specified, because it must 
evidently depend upon those articles, 
which have. a tendency to counteract 
any baneful operations of the labour or 
the materials upon the human frame, and 
must of course be varied. In a white- 
lead, aclothing, and a glass-manulactory, 
the effects upon health act in various: 
ways, and therefore skilful medical know- 
ledge. is requisite to direct thé food, and 
controul the results of Circumstances. 
Upon this-point may also be pressed the 
periadical use of particular medicines, 
founded upon the same authorities . of 
medical eminence, with which, it 1s 
to be hoped, the pressure of the motive, 
and the necessity. of the case, would in- 
duce the workman.to comply. F 
As this Essay. professes to treat of 
nothing, but what is plainly, and indeed 
easily feasible, I shall omit what might 
be further urged upon this head, in order 
to proceed to that of morals, which, of’ 
course, includes much of what might be 
said upon the former topic. 
Of ail the kinds of knowledge, one of. 
the most difficult and tardy acquisition, 
though evidently of the utmost import- 
ance, is the proper use of money; which, 
as Adam Smith justly observes, is always 
valued in proportion te the ease or diffi- 
culty with which it.is acquired. Under 
the, influence of passion or restraint from 
indulgences, the difficulcy of using it pro- 
perly is still greater; for both reason and 
prospect must first operates The vices 
of manufacturers are drunkenness and 
debauchery, the consequences of which 
sometimes induce others more. closely 
affecting the interests of society. | 
With respect to habitual intoxication, - 
it is indeed a dreadful vice, and rarely to 
be overcome: but that arising from the 
spirit of conviviality, is much more fre- 
quent. To prevent this utterly, would 
be as impracticable, as to presume upon 
the eradication of any propensity, stimu- 
lated by nature or feeling. It-may, how- 
ever, be -moderated. The social prin- 
ciple cannot be supported without exhi- 
larations, nature not affording otherwise - 
a sufficient flow of spirits; and union de- 
pending upon the excitation of the soul — 
to benevolent affections, and- the excla- 
Tntro-. 
version of mind, so far therefore as. 
concerns ‘domestic relations, should be 
inculcated; and the impressions of the 
claims of a wife and children upon.the — 
conscience, and the charms of happiness. 
at home, should be. inculeated in the 
education of the lower orders, and subs 3 
jects, 
