612 
yoints, serving the purposes of locomotion 
iu the limbs, and for the protection of 
the more important organs, such as the 
brain; the instruments of sensation, as 
the eye and the ear; the heart, the 
Jangs, and the main trunks of the bloods 
vessels.” . 
He considered it as irrelative to the 
place and the occasion, to enter mto 
minute and complex details of the means 
by which the leading objects of growth 
and selfpreservation are effected; it 
would be sufitcient to state that they 
are admirably adapted to. the ends, and 
that not only the powers which are dé 
rected to continue life, are guarded with 
infinite precaution, but even the lesser 
appointments for accommedation, con- 
veniency, and for accitental defects, are 
equally provided by superior wisdom and 
design. \ 
“The bones,” he said, * are cloathed 
by soft and flexible sabstances, which 
protect their brittle texture from mecha- 
ical injuries. At the joints, where much 
pressure, or occasional concussions, take 
place, the surfaces of the bones which 
rub against each other, are covered with 
sartilage, a substance peculiarly elastic 
on pressure, and bearing the finest po- 
lish; by which provision, the large sur- 
faces of contact opposed to: friction mn 
the knee, hip, shoulder, and elbow, are 
made to glide upon each other with per- 
fect freedom. These junctions of- the 
bones are bound together by strong liga- 
ments. 
“Fhe whole fabric is bailt up from a 
small beginning with materials prepared 
from the food ; and which are constantly 
distributed to every part, to supplant de- 
caved particles. 
“The solids are contained in-the cir- 
enlating blood in a fluid form, and are 
depusited when and where required. | 
“ The secretions and excretions serve 
to carry oif the worn-out and decayed 
parts. — 
“The mind, seated at the junction of 
all the nerves which bring mitelligence, 
receives the impressions of distant ob- 
jects throuvh the, eye, the ear, and the 
nostrils; while the tongue, and the whole 
surface of the skin, indicate the proper- 
ties of things in eontgct with thea.” 
Monthly Ketrospect of the Fine Arts. 
FJane ty 
The remainder of the lecture was éx- 
temporaneous, and consisted of a demon- 
stration on the skeleton, under the gene- 
ral divisions of head, trank, limbs, or’ 
extremities; and which were subdivided: 
as foilows: 
Cranium 
Face 
Teeth 
- Spine : 
Trasle} Ribs é 
‘Bones of the Pelvis 
Clavicula 
Scapula 
1 Brachia 
Cubit 
Carpus 
Metacarpus - 
Phalanges 
Femur 
- Patella 
Tibia 4 
Tarsus 
. Metatarsus 
Phalanges. 
The uses of the general form of tha 
head, &c. and the geometrical direction 
and adaption of the shafts of the limbs 
and the structure of joints. 
We lament that our present limits 
will not allow us to give each of Is inte: 
resting discourses at greater length. 
The third and fourth lectares were ~ 
also devoted to the skeleton. The third 
contained a more particular explanation 
of the head and trunk; the foarth, those 
of the upper and lower extremities, 
In the two concluding lectures, the 
Professor described the ortyin, insertion, 
and use, of the superficialmuscles; and 
after pointing out the ; ¢ireumstances: 
which disguise and soften their appear 
ance, demonstrated them on the living 
subiect in the various and opposite ac- 
tions of pulling, pushing, &e. by a ma- 
chine constructed forthe purpose. Mr. 
Carlisle had intended to exhibit a Chi- 
nese, and other subjects, from different 
eastern nations, but from some accident 
was disappointed, He -advised® artists 
to take advantage of the opportunities 
alforded by the commercial relauons of 
this metropolis for making such studies; 
and concluded with some general, but 
Skull 
Lower Jaw 
Head 5 
Upper Limbs, or 
Extremity 
Lower Limbs, or 
Extremity 
pertinent, observations, for directing the 
atatemical studies of the students. 
® ~ 
VARIETIES, 
= 
