F809.] 
but as these rites are evidently Egyptian, 
they must have been introduced only, 
not invented, by this Orpheus. The se- 
cond was surnamed Ciconorus, and is 
said to have flourished two generations 
before the Trojan war; he was also an 
heroic poet, and wrote fables and bymns 
addressed to the deities. Orpheus 
Odrysius and Orpheus Camarinorus were 
epic poets; but he, who was surnamed 
Crotoniates, was contemporary with 
Pisistratus, and lived in great favour 
and familiarity at the Athenian court; 
he is suid to have written the Argonau- 
tics, the hymns and the poems de Lapi- 
alibi: which are extant.= It is dithicult 
to say, to which of these it was that the 
ancients ascribed such extraordinary 
powers. All the poets have joined. in 
celebrating the wonderful eifects of his 
lyre. Ovid gives us a list of forest trees 
that danced to his music. Seneca vives 
him power over woods, rivers, rocks, 
wild beasts, and infernal spirits, Mani- 
liust enumerates all the «supernatural 
properties of his lyre. Aud even Horace 
thus speaks of him: 
Sylvestres homines sacer Interpresque Deorum 
Cxedibus & victu fedo deterruit Orpheus, 
~ Dic:us ab hoc lenire tigres rabidosq. leones. 
Ar, Poct. v. 891. 
Muszus, like his two predecessors, has 
reached our times with no positive testi- 
monies, but his name and the general 
praise once ascribed to his verse; he is 
said to have been the scholar, if not the 
son, of Orpheus; and was, like him, 
esteemed as a prophet as well as a poet. 
Strabo, in the sixteenth book of his Geo- 
graphy places him among the Maylzse; 
and Pausanias§, who calls him one of the 
Xenoporyos, says that he had seen some 
of his predictions. At Athens, within 
the old bounds of the city, was a little 
hill, where Muszeus was said to have sung 
his verses, and where he was afterwards 
buried. It appears that it was after- 
wards turned into a fortification, and 
from him, derived the name of Muserwn, 
Pausantas|| seems to think that the pieces 
commonly attributed to Musgus, in his 
time, were the works of Onomacritus, 
and that there were no certain remains 
of Muszeus, except his hymn to Ceres. 
The beautiful story of Hero and Leander 
* Metam. Fab. ¢ lib. 10. 
T Herc. Fur. 569, 
t Ac Lyra diductis &c, 
§& In Phocic. p. 632, 
i Attic. Ps 39. 
Lycaum of Ancient Literature—No. XX I, 449 
< | 
passes under his name; a poem which 
Scaliger* has mentioned with the utmost 
extravavance of praise ; he asserts, that 
it supplied the Iliad and Odyssey with 
some of their finest ideas. But as the 
name of Musezus so often occurs in the 
ancient Greek authors and their inter- 
preters, without the slightest hint of his 
having written any such poem; and 
some manuscripts having been disco 
vered, where the work is inscribed 
Mecute +8 leceunoclin®, it has been gene- 
raily Shupoked that it was written, not by 
the old Muszns, but by some eae 
graminarian of the same name, who lived 
In all probability about the filth century}. 
Tn its uncominon sweetness and’ beautiful 
simplicity, 71 1s not unworthy of the ane 
cient bards. There were no less than 
seven poets of the name of Museus, but 
it 1s unnecessary to enumerate them. 
Tyrtzus belongs to history, rather than 
to fable. He was born at Miletas, but 
lived at Athens, where he maintained 
himself by his elegiac music, his pipe, and 
lus school. He flourished about 684 
years before Christ. Ilis story is one 
of the finest of antiquity, and the gloe 
rious success of his verses advanced his 
Name to rank among the greatest heroes, 
as well as the noblest poets. The story 
itself is too well known to be repeated 
here; buat we observe that Scaliger } 
must be mistaken in placing Tyrteeus in 
the $6th Olymp. for, according to Pau- 
sanias, §tpe second Messenian war, in 
which the poet so much contributed to 
render the Spartans victorious, was in 
the fourth year of the 23d Olymp. His 
works were, the “ Polity of the Lacede- 
monians,” and several elegies and odes, 
some fragments only of which are now 
extant. 
Archilochus is placed by Eusebius in 
the 29th Olymp. though A. Tellius |las- 
serts that he flourished in the reign of 
Tullus Hostilius, King ef Rome, i.e. in 
the 27th Wien Scaliger indeed would 
bring him down even two hundred years 
lower, to the reign of Darius Hystaspis; 
but bie seems to want authority far Pie 
chronelogical position. The poet was 
born at’ Paros, a small island in the 
Fgean sea, and, by his own account, of 
very mean parents. He is the supposed 
author of Zambic verse ; but, as it sliould 
Anco ci ar Kala KGa TAME AP GA AN I ATR ER cmc 
* Poetic. Lib: 5. c. 2. 
+ Vid. Dan. Parerum in Mus. 
} Ad. Euseb. Num. 1385. 
& Messen. p. 243, 
f Lib. 17.¢. 28, 
seem 
