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TOPOGRAPHY. 
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~ 
PROCEEDINGS OF LEARNED SOCIETIES. 
_ ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. . 
R, Davy has laid before this learned 
N society an account of some new 
anaiytical researches on the nature of 
certain bodies, particularly alkalies, 
phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous mat- 
ter, and the = acids hitherto unde- 
compounded. In these experiments 
he employed potassium, procured by 
electricity; but he soon substituted for 
it the metal obtained by the action of ig- 
nited iron upon potash, in the manner 
discovered by MM. Gay Lussac and 
Thenard, hecause it gave the same re- 
sults, and could be obtained of an uni- 
form quality, and in infinitely larger quan- 
tities, and with much less labour and ex- 
pense. When ammonia is brought in 
contact with about twice its weight of 
potassium, at common temperatures, the 
metal loses its lustre, and becomes white; 
there is also a slight diminution in the 
volume of gas. The white crust proves 
to be potash, and the ammonia is found 
to contain a small quantity of hydrogen. 
On ager the potassiam in the gas, by 
meaus of a spirit-lamnp applied to the 
_bottom of the retort, the colour of the 
‘crust is seen to change, through various 
shades, intoadark olive. The crust and 
metal fuse together, and the brilliant 
surface of the potassium appears. 
this state, as the potassium cools, it is 
again cove ered with the white crust; and 
in the operations a gas 1s eyalved, which 
- gives the same diminution by detonation 
with oxygen, as hy drogen, and the am- 
monia disappears. Mir. Davy, having 
examined the pi se a ai the substance 
in ° 
=e 
produced by the action of ammonia on 
potassium, thusdescribes them: 1. It is 
crystallized, and presents irreguiar fa- 
cets, which 1 in colour are not unlike the 
protoxide of iron: itis opaque, when ex- 
amined in large ma but semitranspa= 
rent in their films. 2. It is fusible at a 
heat a little above wee ‘ae boiling water, 
and if heated much higher, emits globules 
of gas, 3S. It appears to be tonsider= 
ably heavier than water. 4, It isa non- 
conductor of electricity. 5. Whey 
melted in oxygen gas, it burns with great 
vividness, emitting br ight sparks. Osy- 
gen is absorbed, nitrogen is emitted, and 
potash is formed. 6. When brought in 
contact with water, it acts upon it with 
much energy, produces heat, and often 
inflammation, and evolves ammonia, 
When thrown upon water, it disappears 
witha hissing noise, and globules from it 
often move in a state of ignition upon the 
surface of the water. it rapidly effers 
vesces, and deliquesces in air; but can be 
preserved under- naphtha, in. which it 
seems partially to dissolve. When 
plunged under water, it disappears in- 
stantly with effervescence ; and the non- 
absorbable elastic fluid liberated, is found 
to be hydrogen yas. From-accurate ex- 
periment, Mr. Davy has no doubt, that 
the weight of the olive-coloured sube 
stance, and of the hydrogen disengaged, 
precisely equals the weight of the potas- 
sium and ammonia consumed, — 
As an inflammable gas alone, having 
the obvious properties of hydrogen, is 
given off during the action of potassiam 
upon ainimoma ; and as nothing but gasex 
apparently 
