1810.] Wales. 511 
yards, commanding an uninterrupted in the Monmouthshire collieries. Neath 
view of the bay, piers, and shipping. On had lost in 1801 above half its Bridze- 
the east, north, and west sides, there water trade, and may also new be con-. 
will also be gravelled avenues of more than 
1100 yards, so that above eight atres of 
ground, and nearly one mile and a quarter of 
walk, will be laid out, and dedicated by the 
corporation of Swansea to the use and enjoy- 
ment of the inhabitants of the town, and its 
casual visitors ; which, if kept in a neat man- 
ner, with a sufficient barrier to exclude im- 
proper tr’spassers, as also a guard against the 
commission of every species of nuisance, will 
aftord both health and pleasure to the fre- 
quenters of this favourite spot, and add te the 
celebrity of the town, by giving this well- 
timed effect to its unrivalled natural 
beauties. 
The labourers employed by Mr. Yalden, 
in the limestone quarries at the Mumbles, 
near Swansea, lately cut through a complete 
cemetery, in which were found immense 
quantities of human bones of a very large 
size: from the position and the confused state 
they were discovered in, it is highly probable 
that this spot was the burial-place of a vast 
multitude who perished nearly at the same 
time, either by pestilence or the sword, at 
gome very remote period. 
The following facts are extracted from 
documents on the table of the Housg of 
Commons, from which the effects of the 
Newport exemption on the trade of South 
Wales are rendered sufficiently apparent :— 
There were imported into Bridgewater 
before the first exemption from duty in 1797, 
From Cardiff - ©  4%59 tons of coal. 
Neath - » 47929 
Swansea - 7936 
12,224 
ka 1801, previous to the second exemption, 
From Cardiff - - 1887 tons. 
NWeath =) = 9196 
Swansea = 2045 
6128 
_ In 1809, 
From Cardiff - - 0 
Neath: (= = - 77 
Swansea - 166 
GAS 
Cardiff, under an act anterior to the New- 
port Act, embarked a very large capitel on a 
work of superior scale, viz. to admit ships of 
heavy burthen ; and it appears from the above 
feturns, was beginning to send its produce to 
market in 1797 ; but in 1801 had acquired a 
considerable trade to Bridgewater, notwith- 
Standing the exemption enjoyed by Newport,, 
Since 1801, however, Cardiff has been abso- 
lutely excluded from that market; which 
must have caused a great depreciation of 
capital; as much vested on the faith 
ef Parligment as the money embarked 
sidered as completely shut out; the trifle 
exported in 1809 being most probably stone- 
coal, which is’ used only by maltsters. 
Swansea was deprived of two-thirds of its 
trade to Bridgewater in 1801, since which 
period it has descended to a state of insigni- 
ficancy. By returns made tothe House in 1807, 
it appeared that 24,244/. 5s. 4d. had been lost 
to the revenue in that year, by exempting 
from duty coal shipped at Newport for 
Bridgewater, and other ports eastward of the 
Holmes ; and by Subsequent returns, now on 
the table e, it appears that in 1809 the exemp- 
tion had lost the country 32,103/. 45, 
which loss is moreover progressively increa= 
sing. 
Mr. Johnes, of awed in Cardiganshire, 
has the merit of having improved his man- 
sion and lands in a most laudable mamner. 
In 1783 they were a wilderness. There was 
‘indeed an old house belonging to the family 
but it was deserted as am untenantable resi_ 
dence, and the very estate held of little va. 
lue.~ Since which time, hills planted by 
persons now living, have risen into opulence 
of timber 5 other hills are covered with in. 
fant plantations ; and other lofty and exten. 
sive wastes are marked out to be called intg 
usefulness and fertility im the ensuiog au. 
tumns. Larch trees have been very success 
ful on these hills ; but Mr. Johnes has engag« 
ed in an immenseextent of general plantations, 
From June 1796 to June 1797, four hun- 
dred thousand larches were planted. Inthe 
same year, two hundred and fifty thousand 
other trees were planted, of which fifty were 
alders, and the rest elm, beech, birch, ash, 
and mountain-ash: They all thtove well, but 
the beech throve more than any, except the 
larch. About ten thousand were planted on 
an acre. From October 1797 to October 
1798, ten thousand oaks were planted, from 
one to two feet high; and from October 
1798 to April 1799, fifty-five acres were. set’ 
with acorns. Inthe same, space of time, in 
which the plantations of oaks were going for= 
ward, twenty-five thousand ash trees were 
planted, and about four hundred thousand 
jJarch_trees. The larches were all two-years 
old seedlings, and were always planted on the 
upper part of the hills. The larches planted 
at the height of from eighteen inches to twe 
feet in- the year 1796, were from ten to 
thirteen feet high in 1802. The shoots some 
years were from two feet and a half to three 
feet, and in some instances three feet eight 
inches. The whole namber of trees planted 
on the estate from October 1795 to April 
1801, amounted to two millions and sixty- 
five thousand, of which one million two 
hundred thousand were larches, without in- 
cluding the lands sown with acorns. D>. 
Hunter, in kis notes upon Evelyn’s Sylv:, 
states 
