529 Remarks upon the Townley Statues. 
these figures: probably the Scythian 
god Mars, their idol, ed 
No. 11. Chimeras, &c. They have 
a curious escallop along the neck fora 
mane, and wings curved hike a cartouche. 
They are lapping water out of vessels, 
held by two youths kneeling, &e.  Ivis 
probably the exsiccation of some Inun- 
dated country, which is thus typified ! the 
chimera being of astronomical meaning, 
as well as a volcano, &c. 
No. 12. A Female in affliction sur- 
rounded by her domestics, ‘This is a very 
erroneous denomination, Winckelmann 
having laid it down as arule, that the 
subjects of all bas-reliefS are mytholo- 
gical, not historical. She has her foot 
upon astool, an ancient mode, occur- 
ring at Persepolis, and in Egyptian, 
Greek, and Roman marbles, as a mode 
of showing the principal personage, 
though there are some exceptions, One 
of the attendants holds a leaf, supposed 
to be a fan, to drive off flies, &c. See 
‘Lambee. Comm. Bibl. Vind. Pierr. Grav. 
Pal. Roy. i. p. 112. Whether it be a 
Ceres lamenting Proserpine, or other 
similar subject, [ will not decide. 
No. 13. Minerva standing by a frag- 
ment of Medusa’s head. ‘Yhe goddess had 
just changed her hair into serpents. 
The Etruscan coeffure is very strongly 
marked in the hair of Pallas, and the 
whole bas-relief (as are others in this 
oom) is a fine specimen of the Etruscan 
style. 
No. 14. The bearded Bacchus, &c. 
No. 15. Heads of Mincrva and 
Jupiter. The birth of Minerva from the 
brain of Jupiter, will occur to mind 
as well as Minerva crowning Jupiter after 
he had conquered the Titans, (Diod. ap. 
Yertull. de Corona, p. 124 ;) but the bas- 
relief is imperfect. , 
No. 16. Building the Argo. Here 
we see, that the first masts were tempo- 
rary, and not fixed, as Homer says, 
pussim, si ‘ai 
No. 17. Venus riding upon a Sea- 
horse. It should be distinctively styled 
the Marine*'Venus. See Lippert, Dac- 
tylioth. Mill. i. 1.77. Similar occur in 
Stosch, &c. — gs 
No. 18. Victory pouring out a libation 
to Apollo Musagetes. The Victories 
pouring out libations are generally the 
finest, There is a famous one in Stosch; 
another on the Syracusan Medallions; 
and an equally fine specimen upon four 
of the best bas-reliefs at the villa Albani, 
‘Apollo is completely draped, as were the 
comedians and musicians.” See Oz, 
[July 1, 
Ame 1% ee, fo. bg.) Contifir il 4. 
This drapery is the evdvrov, of Calli- 
machus, (Hymn. in Apol/. v. 35.) and a 
female dress. See Hygin. ib. ix. 
No. 19. Two Priestesses standing one 
on each side of a candelabrum. ‘There 
is no means of knowing priestesses by 
costume, (Maillot, Costum: i. 277.) and 
as to raising the robe, like Hope, with one 
hand, upon imperial coins, it is to be 
observed, that this gesture is unusual in 
the Marbles of Hope; (see Boiss. ii. b. 
130;) and Hesione lifts her robe, in the 
same author, and Montfaucon. They . 
‘are probably Roman matrons. 
__ No, 20. Muchaon sitting in the Dent of 
Nestor, wounded; as Hl, x1. This is un- 
certain: the application of bas-reliefs to 
historical subjects being always suspi- 
cious, according to the rule of Winckel- 
‘mann. Nestor, however, is. presumed ta 
occur upon a sardonyx in Stosch, advi- 
sing Patroclus: and subjects from Homer 
were common. ‘ 
No. 21. Buechus anda Faun. 
No. 22. Ywo Fauns, &c. between them 
Ampelus, the favourite of Bacchus. The 
crotala were usual in the Baechie dance. 
‘Beger, &c. have Fauns with crotala. 
“No. 23. Spring and Summer. A dog, 
jumping up, is the symbol of one season ; 
wheat-ears and poppies, of the other. 
These symbols do not coincide with the 
‘seasons upon the arch of Septimius 
SeveruS, or the coins of Caracalla, Com- 
modus, &c. The dog occurs in the Bar- 
berini Seasons: but, I should prefer 
Winter and Summer according to the 
above authorities. es 
No. 24. Victory sacrificing a Bull 
before a candelabrum. .1t should be 
‘called’ Victoria Mithriaca, from resem-— 
blance to Mithras. There is a famous 
gem on this subject in the duke of 
Devonshire’s cabinet, by Sostratus, most 
of whose works passed there from the 
‘collection of baron de Stosch, and this 
‘among them, The same subject occurs 
in marble bas-reliefs at the villas Bore 
‘ghese and Albani, the gallery of S. Igna- 
cius, &c. See Beg. Thes. Brandenbd. t. 
Lil, Ds QBS. er 
No. 25. Perseus cutting off the head 
‘of Medusa. Medusa’s head is very flat 
and bread, and has nosnakes. ‘The 
decollation did not/ensue till after her 
chair was changed:-and ugly heads of 
Medusa are almost entirely confined to 
the Etruseans. (See D’Hancarv. v. 4. 
pl. 126, &c.) zee 
“No. 26. Victory sacrificing a Bull, as 
before, in No. 24. 
No, 
