1807. ] 
“<Tn.other places, the fand and argil had 
glided along, like torrents of lava, and lange 
portions of mountains had been trant- 
ported for the {pace of feveral miles into 
vallies without undergoing any change of 
form. Whole fields were precipitated 
into hollows in their original hotizontal 
pofition; while fome remained inclined, 
aud others vertical In a fpace of ten 
leagues, by fix in breadth, included be- 
tween the river Metrano, the mountains, 
and the fea, there was not a fingle acre, 
that had not fuffered fume change, either 
wa form or pofition, We faw in feveral 
places, {prings of water which rofe to the 
eicht of feveral feet, and carried with 
them much fand and mud.” 
Dolomieu next attempts to explain 
why buildings raifed apon granite, and 
folid ground, fatter lefs than others.*- On 
fimilar principles he renders it highly | 
probable, that a cavern of an unmenfe 
extent exiils between Kina, and the 
northern part of Calabria, and concludes 
with offering {ome conjectures on the 
caufe of this earthquake. ‘In fupport of 
this defeription, [ might add tome obfer- 
vations trom Sir William Hamilton, who 
preceded Dolomieu, and who himfelf 
witnetled the laft fhocks of the earth- 
quake; but as the principal circura{tances 
of that catalirophe are too well known to 
reuder that necetfary, [ fhall now pro- 
ceed to give an explanation of the fub- 
joined plate which reprefents the more 
flriking effets produced by the earth- 
quake that occurred in the vicinity of 
Settizzano, in Calabria, during 1783. 
A. B. reprefent the vertical cut, nearly 
three hundred feet in height, of an extenfive 
plain planted with olive trees, in guincunxes, 
and very elevated. 
C.D. E. are hills, each confilting of feyeral 
acres in extent, which formed a part of this 
plain, and which were proje@ed into an im- 
menfe hollow or ravine, to about a mile dif- 
tant. Thefe mafies, varioufly inclined, form 
with the horizon angles from twenty-five to 
Torty degrees; fome parts are vertical; in both 
the ftrata correfpond with thofe of the plain 5 
but we feldom obferved, that the falient and 
eppofite angles of the plain and thefe maffes, 
correfponded with each other: a circumftance 
which may be afcribed to their irregular 
projection, and the collifien fuftuined in their 
Yong paflage. The trees, with the exception 
of thofe on the borders, had experienced no 
change, for their ftems, or trunks, were uni 
formly perpendicular to the furface of the 
ground, and they ftood at regular diftances 
* Many examples, were itneceflary, might 
he adduced as furnithing exceptions to this po- 
fition. 
Remarkable Inflance of Longevity. 
27 
from each other. The new fhoots, produced’ 
fince the period of the earthquake, had taken 
a vertical direétion, and formed an angle with 
the trunk, which added {till more to the fine 
gularity of the fcene. This effect has, how- 
ever, been omitted in the plate. 
F. marks the entrance of .one of the fub- 
_ terranean hollows, excayated tor the purpofe 
of affording an outlet to the waters. It waa 
found neceffary to have recourfe to fuch ex- 
pedients, as the earthquake produced two hun- 
dred and fitteen difterent lakes or ponds, the 
ffagnant waters of which, corrupting by the 
extreme heat of the atmofphere, gave rife to 
peitilential difeafes, which carried off more 
inhabitants than had been deitroyed by the 
earthquake. 
We tind then here, though on a finaller 
fcale, the image of many of the fingolar 
forms of our continents, which may be 
attributed to the various convultions: 
that the turface of the earth underwent 
before and after its confolidation, viz. 
the vertical difpofition of the fides of 
f{everal montains ; the various inclinations 
of their firata, and of their fides ; the an- 
gles which fometimes correfpond, and are 
at others diffimilar, the formation of 
valhes and lakes»by the accumulation ot 
earth, even in the midit of plains; the 
acclivities of, fea-coails, at the foot of 
which no bottom is difcoverable ; ifolated 
peaks, and coniderable maties of matter 
icattered at. a dittance below the moun- 
tains, of which at one period they evi- 
dently conftituted a part; profound fif- 
-{ures, either empty or filled with extra- 
neous matter, aud tome of which afford a 
pallage to volcanic eruptions; appear- 
ances of vertical firata, wiaich are often 
merely folid cuts from the mountains 
themiclves. rom the contideration of 
the above, and Various other phenomena, 
we are neceflarily led to attribute thefe 
forms of the inountains to cautes fimilar 
to thofe which have given birth to the 
new hills of Calabria; the ftrongeft an- 
alogy forces us to refer them to the fame 
origin, and to the falling in of cavities 
contained within the cruft of our globe. 
I’. pr BELLEVUE. 
: 2  —— ; 
Lo the Editor of the Monthly Magazine, 
SIR, 
N compliance with the requeft of your 
correipondent J.J.G., I have col- 
lected the following particulars refpecting 
one of+ thofe. remarkable inftances of 
Longevity referred to in his lift. 
Edward Lawton, of Sunderland, a 
native of Northumberland, was for many 
years fettled In the parith of BilhopWear- 
mouth, where he rented fucceflively 
feveral imalt farms, particularly at 
qT 9 Hendon 
