1807.] 
MR. WILLIAM CLARKE, AND MR. JOSEPH 
BUGBY, for linprovements ih a Machine 
for Spinning Hemp, Flax, ‘Tow, und 
Wools. 3 ' 
The machinery here defcribed will not 
admit of a written account ‘that can be 
intelligible without the aid of figures. It 
is calculated to fave the heavy expence 
of currents of water, erecting dpacious 
buildings, water-works, fteam-engines, 
&c. and to fpin Nemp, flax, *tow and 
wool, at’ fach an ‘eafy expence, as to. 
bring it within reach of fimall manufac- 
turers, and conftructed upon fach fate 
and eafy principles, that no length of ex- 
perience will be neceflary to enable chil- 
dren to work the fame; and the ufe of water, 
fteam, &c. thereby rendered unnécellary, 
and to occupy fo little {pace, that the 
machines may be placed in finall rooms, 
or out-buildings. ‘To effect the above 
purpofe, ic was neceflary to get rid of the 
flyer upon the {piridle ufed im the old ma- 
chinery, for fpinning hemp and flax, 
which requires a power in proportion of 
five to one, and to furmount the dithculty 
that arifes from the want of elafticity in 
thefe fubftances. ‘This want of elatticity 
in the fubftance to be operated upon, 1s 
compentated and provided for in_ this 
machinery; and upon this compenfation 
and provifion, effected by the various 
means mentioned in thefe improvements, 
the return of the carriage without any 
afliftance from the work-perfon, and the 
traverfe for diltributing the yarn upon 
bobbins or quills, relt the excellence of 
this invention. The moft fimple mode 
of compenfating the want of elafticity; 
and which the patefhitees recommend in 
preference to the other, 78 that of having 
a holder of large wire for every fpindle 
fixed in an arbor or fhaft, that extends: 
‘from one end of the carriage fo the other. 
This arboror fhgft, with the holders, may 
he confidered as an enlarged and im- 
proved tubftitute, for what is called a 
faller in the moil-jerinies for, {pinning 
cotton, One mode of compenfating and 
a: for the want of ela{ticity in 
emp and flax, and prevent breakages 
aud other accidents from any tizhtneds 
in’the yarn, oceafioned by any obftrac- 
‘tion, is, by driving the common tule 
fpindle witha flack band, having the yarn 
to pais aver the holders, or over a ecer- 
tain round bar, with all the ether appa- 
Zatus for laying the yarn uponsthe. ae 
Mies.~ ‘This method’ it’ is faid cannot be 
ufed to advantagé in any cafe, but ma 
“be fubftituted for the “other methods de- 
feribed and illuftrated with drawings, for 
fpinning yarn for fail-cloths, fackiug, tare 
New Patents Tately Enrolled. 
£Y 
pawlins, or other coarfe or heavy goods, 
‘Theimachinéry actetibed: iy this Specifi- 
cation, may bé ufed. to great advantage 
in {pinming, Jong -wogl,fer worlted; and 
although in moft cafes it is: peculiarly 
adapted to matival power, yet ib nay ibe 
wrought by water fteam, or any. other 
power, and for coarfe and heavy goods 
with advantage. «yrs er rp ao 
MR. EDWARD -HEARB'S (LONDON,) for @ 
Difcovery of certain Means of Fea 
Inflammable Gas from Pit-coal, in Juc 
@ State, thal. it may be burned without 
any offenfive Smell. pone * 
This mvention may be thus deferibed 3 
lime is laid in itrata with coals, in a retor$ 
ftove or other clofe veffel, in which they 
are placed for operation, or the gas when 
roduced is fuffered to pals over lime 
previoufly laid in an iron or other tube, 
or any other fhaped veilel adapted to the 
purpofe, and expofed to heat. After the 
pas has been conducted into a retrigora- 
tory, and all condenfible matter is depo- 
fited, it is then fuffered to enter the cog- 
veying tubes, and burned im the ‘utual 
manner, The reafon for employing lime 
in prefcrence td other dubflances is, that, 
from a ferieS of analytical experunents, 
Mr. H. has detected the prefence of ful- 
phar ina great variety of the coals which 
are confuuned im this. country, and he 
confiders the fuffocating imell {o per- 
ceptible during the combuftion of the 
gas obtained in the ordinary way, to arile 
from the products: of that combattion, 
principally the fulphareous acid gas, 
which is then generated. “1 pyretent,” 
fays Mr, Heard, “lime in fubitance to 
the fulphur, as it is difengaged: by, heat 
from the coals, and through thei mutual 
‘affinity arre(t-it in its progrefs, and forin 
a fulpburet. of, lime, or hydro-fulphueret 
depending on the circumftances of the 
operation, [ have reafon to conclude 
that any of the fixed alkalies,or alkaline 
‘earths, or carbonate of lime, when CX 
pofed to a degree of temperature futh- 
“cient to drive of the carbonic acid gas, 
might be, fubitituted fer lime; but from 
“economical motives, as well as fram, con- 
tant fuccefs, I prefer the agency oF lime.” 
. Mr. Heard wi ies it to be, diflincily aili~ 
deond, that lime, the alkaliné earths, 
‘certain metals or their’ oxides, when 
nixed with thé coals laid on their fur- 
face, or put inte fepgrate vetlels-through 
which the gas is made to pa are calcu- 
lated in'a greater or Jefs degree, fo dive 
‘the ‘gas of the éaufe of the offentive finell, 
but lime: he reckons the befi, as well a6 
the mott economical, 
£2 
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VARIETIES 
