540 
their word for grown means fat, whereas 
the French grand (also a participle of 
grandir) means tall. 
Bulky is from the substantive bu/k, 
which is used for the forso, or trunk, of a 
man, as well as for size in general. Au- 
thorities derive 1t from balg belly; but it 
is more likely to be the same word as 
bullock, or bull-ox, a castrated bull, a 
steer velding. These animals being rey 
markable for growing fat and large, would 
naturally supply the descriptive ad- 
jective: a man-bullock for a corpulent 
man, a bullock-pack of wool for a large, 
or bulky, bale. Yet the sea-phrase ‘to 
break bulk” favours the derivation from 
belly. 
Stout is said by Johnson to mean 
striking: /it describes an appearance 
characteristic of strength and vigor: it is 
metaphorically become a word of dimen- 
sion. A stout cloth, for a thick strong 
texture. A stout timber, for a tree in 
its prime, which promises to grow large. 
A stout plank, for a thick strong board. 
A. stout vessel, for a tight strong ship. 
The ideas of thick and strong seem to 
have coalesced in the word. Adelung is 
not for referring this word, like Johnson, 
to the Gothic etymon stautan, to strike ; 
but rather, with the Swedish stolt, and the 
German stolz, to some root signifying to 
upswell, Opitzhas a passage: Die sto/ze 
jluth verschwemmet ganz und gar: the 
stout river swims quite away: where the 
fundamental idea turgid, not the funda- 
mental idea striking, can be accommo- 
dated tothe epithet. On the other hand 
the Flemings say of an ox that tosses: 
Die os is stootsch: where striking, and 
not turgid, is applicable. Perhaps some 
such idea as horny lies at the bottom of 
this adjective. The Latins used cornea 
corpora for stout bodies: and the Hebrews 
use the derivatives of horn, for proud, 
which is the meaning of the German 
stolz. Stosstange is a pitch-fork, which 
would be naturally named if the words 
‘signify horn-pole. Séot is old English 
for a bull. These indications being con- 
verged, it seems that-some Gothic word, 
-which Ulphilas would have spelled staut, 
‘signified (1) a bull, (2) a horned beast, (3) 
‘a horn; and that from this sense was de- 
rived the verb stautan or stossen to 
thrust, push or toss. Bull being the 
Jargest animal among the Goths, is often 
used by them for an augmentative; bull- 
finch, bull-fly, bull-rush, bull-tront, bull- 
weed :—the adjective into which sucha 
prefix would gradually be shapen must 
signify large. But if, by a process of ab- 
Contributions to English Synonymy. 
[July 1, 
straction, the word bull had acquired the 
meaning Aorn before it was employed as 
an epithet; the adjective, into which such 
a prefix would gradually be shapen, 
might mean strong, overbearing, proud ; 
or it might mean lough, enduring, robust : 
the Germans have employed it in the 
former, the English in the latter sense.. 
And thus by pre-supposing the etymon 
staut bull, all the significations of the 
allied words in the different Gothic di- 
alects may be accounted for naturally. 
Huge is derived by Jobason from the 
Hollandish hoogh high ; but this does not 
explain the use of the word. 
Part, ‘huge of bulk, 
Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait, 
Tempest the ocean. 
Where is there any symptom that 
height makes a part of the idea of the 
word? A high tree is one whose stem is 
tall; a huge tree one whose trunk is 
large. Ugh forests consist of tall trees, 
huge forests of spreading woods. The 
word is not applied to graceful, but only 
to aukward bulk and unseemly appetites. 
A huge whale. A huge mountain. A 
huge serpent. And Shakespeare: a huge’ 
feeder. Hooch is Welsh for a hog; and 
this is no dopbt the true beginning of the 
adjective. A huge man is a hog of aman; 
a huge mountain, a hog of a mountain; 
a huge feeder, a hog of a feeder, 
Bulky, stout, and huge, are all epithets 
borrowed from cattle: the ox tends to 
corpulency, the bull to strength, and the 
hog to aukwardness, and these accessory 
ideas are accordingly mingled with the 
general idea of large-sized, which they all 
convey. . 
for the Monthly Magazine. 
LONDINIANA. 
No. IX. 
IOLBORN. 
| ec pulaie any thing is said to illus- 
trate the history of St. Andrew’s 
Church, one or two particulars may be 
mentioned which seem to have been un- 
noticed by former writers. 
Above the bar of the Old Temple, in 
the neighbourhood of Turnstile, stood an 
aucicnt house called the Leaden-Porch, 
probably from the entrance of the Man- 
sion having been among the earlier 
houses covered with that material. In. 
the tenth year of Henry Y. it appears to 
have passed from Richard Moredon and 
Margery his wife, ta William Alberton. 
According to the register of burials in 
——SE 
the parish, it was known by the same 
appellation so late as 1621. 2M 
“ March, . 
