igs 
The laft mentioned town contains two 
eftablifhments ; in one of them about four 
hundred prifoners are kept by way of 
punifhment ; in the other almoft as many 
lunatics and ideots are confined ; and both 
of them muft certainly furnifh the curious 
with various and copious matter for reflec- 
tion. The fight of fo many fellow-crea- 
tures, who are labouring under number- 
lefs phyfical and moral evils, muft deeply 
wound any heart not divefted of huma- 
nity : the idea, however, that fomething 
is done for their relief, affords confolation. 
Dr. Gallarrived, and ieveral perfons of 
diltinétion, friends as well as opponents 
of his doétrine, met, to be prefent at this 
curious and intereiting inveltigation. 
Mr. Wagner, one of the governors, 
had ordered the fteward Seyfert and tie 
chaplain Reynel, both men of judgment 
and penetration, to make out a lift of the 
moft notorious felons and lunatics, de« 
{cribing at the fame time the reafons of 
their confinement, their charaéters, the 
ftate of their health, &c., according to 
which the examination of their fkulls was 
to take place, and with which Dr. Gall’s 
obfervations were inftantly compared. He 
has neither feen_ this lift before nor after- 
wards. Some noted male felons were 
brought before him, one after the other, 
whom he furveyed with great attention, 
and delivered carefully his judgment upon - 
them. 
In P., alockfmith from Geerlitz, who 
was confined as a falfe coiner, and who 
was known in the houfe 2s being of a me- 
chanical turn, he immediately difcovered 
a decided talent for mechanics, which 
this man, according to his own account, 
had evinced even from his childhood. It 
would have been natural to think, that, 
according to the direétion which this in- 
ftin& took afterwards, and of which he 
made fuch a bad ufe, the fenfe for num- 
bers might have been found likewife in 
him. But Dr. Gall did not fee any thing 
of it; and at fome trials he proved to be 
but a poor accomptant. This circum- 
ftance confirmed his former obfervations 
on the organization for mechanics, ac- 
cording to which the mechanical fki!l may 
exift without the leaft notion of arithmetic 
and geometry. 
In the prifoner A. he obferved lefs the 
ergan of thieving, than that of venereal in- 
fing, with a violence of temper, as an 
effe&t of bis organ for fighting. By 
somparing the lift with his aflertions, it 
was found that he had been guilty of high- 
way tobberies, and a rape, and that he 
was fubjeét to epileptic-fits. 
Dr. Gall’s Syfiem of Craniology. 
{ Aprif ty 
In S. he obferved, befides the organ of 
thieving and that of carelefsnefs, a remark- 
able fkill for finding and remembering 
places. After inquiries it was found that 
he had often been employed as a meffen- 
ger, and that he had difcovered every 
place with the greateft eafe. 
Dr. G. was ftruck at the fight of Tr, 
(a notorious fellow, who had formerly 
belonged to a gang of robbers,) on ac- 
count of kis particular organ for fighting. 
‘¢ This man (faid he,) might have been a 
good foldier and freebooter.””> He dif- 
cerned likewife in him the organ of ‘mu- 
fic; and it sppeared that he bad learned 
to play on the violin without any inftruce 
tion. 
Every perfon was defiroug to know 
what Dr. G. would fay about T., who 
was known in the houfe as a thief full of 
cunning, and who, having made feveral 
times his efcape, wore an additional iron. 
It was furprifing that he faw in him far 
lefs the organ of cunning than in many 
of the other prifoners. However; it was 
proved that examples and converfation 
with other thieves in the houfe had fug- 
gefted to him the plan for his efcape, and 
that his own ftupidity was the caufe of his 
being retaken. 
The Doétor examined with the utmofk 
attention the prifoners who were confined 
‘as incendiaries, as this crime is not to be 
met with in Auftria, which is fo very fre- 
quent in Saxony. He obferved, that the 
inclination for it, which is faid to be often 
almoft irrefiftible, was the effeét of feve- 
ral co-operating organs. In one of thefe 
incendiaries, who was about forty nine 
years of age, he difcovered the organs for 
cunning, for thieving, for finding and 
remembering places eafily, for recolleé&- 
ing words, and the flat and unfortunate 
organization, which he fays is calculated 
for every thing that is bad. 
In another he met with the organ for 
thieving and cunning in a fuperior degree, 
with all the other fymptoms which cha- 
ratterize avaricious and envious people ; 
but in none of them did he diftinguifh the 
inftinct for murder, or any other organ 
leading to violence. ; , 
Whilft the obfervations upon fiogle in- 
dividuals were continued, the fteward had 
drawn up all the reft of the prifoners of 
both fexes in two feparate ranks, for 
which purpofe the large yard adjoining to 
the houfe was very convenient. ‘The 
Doétor, with penetrating looks, walked 
through this very numerous company of 
thieves and rogues, making proper re- 
marks upon every thing which he found 
particularly. 
