202 
two latter conviéts ought not to be fe- 
verely punifhed, as their organization was 
fo very favourable. 
--InM. Dr. Gall found the decided or- 
gan of thieving, and a great careiefine(s, 
the organ of reflection not being formed 
atall, We were much furprifed to be 
teld that this man, in whom Dr. G. had 
not difcovered the organ of reprefentation, 
poffeffed extraordinary abilities in imitat- 
ang the voice of animals ; but we were 
convinced, after inquiries, that his talent 
was not a natural one, but acquired by 
ftudy. He related to us, that when he 
was a Pruffian foldier, in garrifon at Ber- 
lin, he ufed to deceive the waiting-women 
in the foundling-hofpital, by imitating 
the voice of expofed infants ; and coun- 
terfeited fometimes the cry of a wild- 
drake, when the officers were fhooting 
wild-ducks. His art feems to proceed 
from a fort of ventriloguy, as, when he 
is practifing it, the mufcles of his lipsare ° 
{carcely moved. 
Two other thieves were examined, and 
in both of them the organs of thieving 
and that of cunning were remarkable. 
Of one of them he expreffed himfelf thus: 
6s To judge by the flatnefs of the fore- 
part of the fkull of this man, he is mer- 
cenary, and eafily to be feduced, and his 
organ for mufic is eminent.” The man 
fpoke much of his being thrown into his 
misfortunes by feduétion. With regard 
to mufic, he acknowledged that he joined 
with pleafure in pfalm-finging. 
Two others were brought before him. 
Of one of them he faid, ‘‘ The organ of 
good-nature is not vifible in him ;. but his 
organ of luit is ftrong, and contributes 
to the difclofure of the organ of thieving.” 
The man’s confeffion, that he was very 
fond of the fair-fex, confirmed partly Dr. 
G.’s obfervation. Of the other, he faid, 
$¢ His head is a pattern of inconftancy, 
and there appears not the leaft mark of the 
organ of courage.” This cunning rogue 
has been able to gaina great authority 
amongtt his fellow-convi¢ts. . How is this 
to be reconciled with the want of firmnels 
which his organization plainly indicates ? 
Dr. G. anfwered, he had got his autho- 
rity by cunning, not by courage. We 
were told that when he was apprehended 
he loft all countenance, and neither knew 
what to fay nor what to do. 
Amengft many others who were produ- 
ced, the organ of reprefentation was par- 
ticularly diiclofed ina fhoemaker. ‘The 
account he gave of himfelf, and his gefti- 
culations, attvaéted the attention of the 
3 
aA 
Dr. Gall’s Syfiem of Craniolagy. 
{April 1, 
whole company. He imitated the mien 
of his neighbour in a ftriking manner ; 
he reprefented an enraged perfon furprif- 
ingly well; and told us, that at the ufual 
meetings of flioemakers he had always 
been the merry- maker. 
A watchmaker gave Dr. Gall an op- 
portunity to make fome obfervations on 
the organ of poetry, which he difcovered 
in him, and which he confiders as the 
continuation of that of mufic, in an ob- 
lique direction in the corners of the fore- 
head. i 
A man of the name of Keelner. was 
confined in the houfe of correction on ac- 
count of fome threatening {peeches to a 
perfon who was afterwards found murder- 
ed. Dr. G. difcovered in him the orgen 
of haughtinefs and obftinacy, and that of 
courage, but by no means that of mur- 
der. However, according to his opinion, 
the organs which he had noticed in hima 
were {ufficient to lead any one to commit 
murder, 
He obferved in another perfon, that the 
fore and hind part of the fkull were high- 
ly arched. Dr. G. had formerly the op- 
portunity of meeting with fkulls of the 
fame conftruction in generals who had 
been advanced from private foldiers to 
their high rank by merit and heroic ac- 
tions. 
A taylor from Drefden, a cunning thief, 
who had once efteéted his efcape from the 
houfe of correction, was the laft who was 
introduced to Dr. G. for examination. 
He faid of him as follows : ‘* The upper 
part of the front bone is flat, and confe- 
quently the organ of good-nature is dif- 
clofed but very little. The organ of cun- 
ning is prominent, but the organ of lof. 
tinefs, very feldom met with in thieves, is 
particularly ftriking.” As we entered af- 
terwards into converfation with him, he 
gave us to underftand, with a great deal 
of prefumption, that he did. not intend 
by any means to follow his trade as a tay= 
lor, as he was able to perform by moon- 
light what others did by day-light. The 
account of the thefts he committed proves 
that he was prompted to them by vanity, 
as he always wifhed to appear erate and 
higher than he was, and of courfe the or- 
gan of loftinefs was very active in him. 
Dr. G., before his departure, vifited 
the male ideots and melancholy perfons, 
in the left wing of the building. Hemet 
there with yarious matter for judicious 
obfervation. He proved, for inftance, 
concerning watery-headed ideots, that, 
notwith{tanding the inattivity of sae 
a 
