232 
While his lady was conduéted to a pre- 
miure giave by her extraordinary affec- 
ti» , he was fervine under the prefent 
Lori Howe, then commander-in-chief, 
and endeavouring, although in vain, to 
reftify the blunders of the Minifters in the 
Cahiner, by means of vigour and energy 
in tre field. In 1766 we fina bim detach. 
ed ar the head of a body of troops again 
For Lee, with the rank of major-general. 
Findi:g hat place evacuated, he nenetrat- 
edint the country, and took pofi-ffion of 
New-Jorfey 3 but as the bearts of the 
people were averfe to the caufe, which they 
contdered as ‘hat of the Britith Minifiry, 
rather tran of the Britifh Nation, he re- 
pared t: New York, at the end of the 
campaign, with a view of returning 
ho-ne, and explaining the nature of thole 
obftacl s which precluded the pofibility 
of tubjugation. 
He was detained, however, by the dif- 
afters that occurred at Trenton, whither 
Gencral Wafhington had repa'red ai a pe- 
rid when his army was fuppofed to be an- 
nihilated, and. his caufe defperate, and by 
ose bold and decifive a¢iion balarced the 
fate of his native country. Having col- 
iccied a hody of trcops, Lord Cornwailis 
immediately marched againft that wary 
Commander, eho no-fconer received no- 
tice of his approach than he made prepa- 
rations to decamp during the night, fub- 
fequent to a flight canuonsde. 
After a ‘u:prifed an American 
pelt, and difp'ayea feveral other brave but 
ineff-“ual eff rts of gailantry, Lord Ccra- 
waliis ex barked with tre Englith com- 
mencer in chef for tre Chefapeak, and 
remained for tome time with the body of 
the ermy, when it had obiained poll: ifion 
of Philadeiphia, a conquelt to which he 
himiclt contriouted not a little by his gal- 
Jant condué at tke paflage of the Brandy- 
Wine. 
The fubfequent period of the war proved 
uncommonly barren of incident: having, 
however, mthe mean while, acquired the 
rank of Licu:enant-General, he embaik- 
ed under Sv Harry Clinton, who had fuc- 
ving 
ceeded the prefent Lord Howe, for Char- 
leftown, which foon after furrendered to 
his Britannic Majetty’s arms. The com. 
_ mand of the whole province of South Ca- 
rolina now devolved upon him; but by 
this time the war had become hopelefs, for 
Burgovwne had furrendered at Saratoga, and 
the King of Fracce was immediately after 
prevailed upcn to declare himfelf the ally 
of the United States, which appellation 
_they bad aflumed on the deciaration of In- 
dependence, a courfe they were in fome 
Memoirs of the late Marquis Cornwallis: 
[April 1, 
meafure driven into by way of removing 
the reproach of being rebels. 
No fooner did General Gates learn that 
fo important a city as Charleitown had 
fallen into the hands of the Englifh, than, 
alarmed fer the fate of the Southern States, 
he immediately colleé&ted a body of troops, 
and advanced againft the viétors. This 
officer, who had already overcome one 
army, flattered himfelf with the hopes of 
being ableto furprife another; but he was 
miftaken, for Lord Cernwallis, inftead of 
waiting for, advanced againft him with 
an inferior force, and on the morning of 
the 16th of October, 1769, they were in 
fight of each other. Attera fharp but in- 
effectual difcharge of mufketry, the En- 
glifh advanced with ferewed bayonets, 
broke and routed the enemy, who fled 
twenty miles befcre them: leven pieces of 
cannon, 2 multitude of bageage-waggonsy 
and a thoufand prifoners, ferved, in a mi- 
litary puint of view, to palliate the con- 
vention of Saratoga. Yet, on the other 
hand, abftraéted from the particular me- 
rits of the army, it ferved only to perpe- 
tuate the delution at home, and finaily ted 
to the moft fatal as well as melancholy re- 
fults. 
The enemy having been thus ériven 
out of the province, the victorious Gene- 
ral was occupied during a confiderable pe- 
riod in arranging its adminiftration, and 
regulating the different departm.nts, fo 
as torender South Carclina once more a 
Britifh coony. It was upon this eccafion 
that he firit develeped thoie powers for 
the management of civil affairs which 
have fince conitituted fo con{picucus a 
feature in his character. . 
“The Congreds having recalled General 
Gates, General Green was difpatched 
with 3 view of reftoring the province te 
the doxinion of tne United States. It 
was wih this view the latter advanced 
with a iormidable body of troops, but he 
wasmet, and beaten in adecifive engage- 
men:, at Guilford Court Houie*, 
* Extra of Earl Cornwailis’s difpatch to 
Lord George Germain :— 
“6 Guilford, March 17, 178t. 
‘¢ Viv Lorp, 
«¢] have the tatisfa@ion,to inform your 
Lordfhip, that his Majefty’s troops under my 
command obtained a fignal vitory, on ther5th 
init. over the rebel army, commanded by Gen. 
Greene. In puriuance of my intenged plan, 
communicated to yeur Lord(hip in my difpatch 
(No. 7), i nad encampedon the 13th inf. at the 
Quakers’ Meeting, between the forks oi Deep- 
river. On the 14th I received information 
that Generai Buticr, with a body of North 
The . 
