236 
and dangerous of all wars—that waged 
againft abufe, mifmanagement, and cor- 
ruption, While occupied in ufeful and 
important reforms, Tippoo Sultaun, who 
had been intriguing at the Durbars of the 
neighbouring Princes in Afia, and had al- 
fo entered into a correfpondence witn the 
Court of France in Europe, commenced 
his intended operations by an attack on 
one of our allies. 
The Madras Government, from its 
proximity to the fcene of a&ion, was at 
fii ft entrufted with the management of the 
war, but no fooner did affairs begin to 
afflume a ferious afpeét, than the Gover- 
nor General took the field in perfon, to- 
wards the latter end of 1790. Having 
now aflumed the command of the grand 
army, and formed a confederacy of the 
country powers, he determined to carry 
hofiilities into the dominions of Myfore, 
with a view of preventing thofe danger- 
ous inroads which had taken place during’ 
the reign of Hyder Aily. To effect this, 
it was neceflary to enter either through the 
Barampal Valley or the Muglee Pafs, and 
as the latter was obvioufly the mott diffi- 
cult, it was pitched upon. 
Tippoo, thus taken by furprife, did 
not appear with his troops until the Bri- 
tifh army was almoft in fight of Banga- 
lore, the fort of which was invefed, and 
taken after a fhort fiege, while the town 
was ftormed in the courfe of the fucceed- 
ing day. 
After his junétion with the Nizam, the 
Governor General marched againft Serin- 
gapatam, but partly in confequence of a 
deficiency in refpect to provifions, and 
partly from the feafon of the year, he was 
obliged to defift. Nay, fo critical had 
his fituation become, that he was obliged 
to deftzoy his battering train, and retire 
to Bangalore, in the neighbourhood of 
which he was joined by a large body of 
Mshrattahs. 
The triumph of Tippoo, if triumph it 
could be called, was not, however, of 
long duration; for on the return of fpring 
Lord Cornwallis again appeared before 
the capital of Mylore, and obliged the 
Sultaun, by a treaty, dated March 10, 
1792, to accede to the moft humiliating 
terms, for half of his domintens were 
ceded to the Englifh and ‘heirailies, while 
alarge portion of treafure was flipulated 
for, and two of the young Princes were 
delivered up as hoftages for thé fulfil- 
ment of the conditions. 
On his return, Earl Cornwallis was 
creaiead a Marquis, and nominated to the 
Memoirs of the late Marquis Cornwallis. 
[April 1, 
important office of Mafter General of the 
Ordnance, in confequence of which he 
had a feat in the cabinet. 
But he did not remain long in England, 
for by this time the affairs of Ireland be-= 
gan to affume a very melancholy afpect, 
and the inhabitants, who had demanded 
and been denied Catholic emancipation by 
the very minifters who afterwards refigned 
-becaufe they could not, accomplifh that 
meafure, too tardily acceded to on their 
part, were not likely to be conciliated by 
free quarters and military executions! 
On the arrival of Lord Cornwallis, in 
1798, a new [yttem was adopted; for al- 
though bred to arms from his youth, his 
noble heart had ever been averfe frem 
blood and profcription. A few days after 
being invefted with the viceroyal dignity, 
he informed the Houfe of Commons bya 
meflage, that he had ** his Majefty’s or- 
ders to acquaint them, that he had figni- 
fied his giacious intention of granting a 
general pardon for all offences committed 
previoufly to a certain time, upon fuch 
conditions and with fuch exceptions as 
might be compatible with the public 
fafety;”" and it was very properly added, 
“© that thefe offers of mercy were not to 
preclude meafures of. vigour againft the 
obfiinate.”” 
Soon after this -propofition, which 
-gained the hearts while it difarmed the 
hands of the chief infurgents, a body of 
about nine hundred French troops were 
landed from thtce frigates at Killala Bay, 
in the county cf Mayo. . 
General Humbert, leaving a fmall gar- 
rifon under Colonel Charo behind him, 
clothed and armed a few of the natives 
who had repaired to his ftandard, and 
then marched to Caftlebar, where he de- 
feated a body of troops pofted there. 
Amidf the confternation sccafioned by 
his viétory, he then advanced to Tuam. 
But bis profperous career was infantly 
put a ftop to by the Lord Lieutenant, who 
advanced by forced marches, and having 
come up with the rear of the retreating 
enemy at Baliinamuck, the French fur- 
rendered, after having been fome little 
time in peficfiion of Connaught. Soon 
after this the Engiith mivifers conceived 
the idea of an union wish Ireland, and 
that meafure was carried into execution 
during ‘he Viceroythip of Marquis Coin- 
wallis: it has been denied, however, and 
his character feems fully to juftify the fup- 
pohtion, that he had any fhare in thofe 
‘e rrupt {chemes faid to be recusred to, for- 
eniuring an event highly defirable of it~ 
feif, 
i 
4 
