- 242 
go on frigtion-rollers, and they both are 
made of iron or brafs, or other materials 
capable of bearing the ftrefs or weight 
which they have to fuftain. The fame 
principle is applied to the windlafs, to 
prevent the neceffity of forcing the cable 
towards the fhip’s fide, called fleeting- 
over. As the windlals works round up- 
on an horizontal axis, the lifters will alfo 
move in an horizontal direétion at right- 
angles from the inclined plane, and the 
bafe of the inclined plane at right-angles 
from the axis of the windlafs. A wheel 
or inclined plane muft be fixed op both 
fides of the paul-bit, for the convenience 
of working the anchors, with a fet of lift. 
€rs to each. 
Another improvement applies to the 
holding on and hauling.off the meflenger 
or rope going round the capitan or wind- 
Jafs, which confifts of a folid wheel with 
cog-work, called a trundle, and a f{pindle 
fixed through the centre of it, fecured on 
the deck above and below, forming an axis 
for it fo work on. The fecket holding 
the axis of the trundle is madein the form 
of a groove, to adjuit the diftance of the 
trundle from the whelps of the capftan, 
otherwife the fpindle being confined ata 
certain diftance from the capftan, it would 
only anfwer for one-fized rope; but by 
means of the groove, the ditance of the 
trundle from the whelps may be adju’ed - 
fo as to anfwer for any fized rope, which 
will be nipped by the aid of a ferew or ie- 
ver prefling the trundle towards the cap- 
flan. This trundle is to turn on its axis 
by the motion of the capfian, by meaas of 
cog-work, &c. 
To apply the improvement, the body of 
the capfian muft be made folid, without 
any cavity between the whelps, otherwife 
the rope to come in contact with the 
trundle would not receive its preffure. 
The cog-work fhould be made of iron, or 
ether metal; and the diameter of the 
trundle muft be governed by the diameter 
of the drum-head and paul-wheel. 
MR. A. O. STANSBURY, (NEW-YORK;) 
Sor Locks and Keys upon an improved 
Confiruciion. 
This gentleman, previoufly todefcribing 
the nature of his own invention, fets forth 
what he ccenceives to be tie qualities effen- 
tial to a good lock. TVhefe are, 1. A 
confruétion that will admit of any re- 
quired multiplication of numbers for the 
pabiic ufe, without the neceflity of mak- 
ing two alike ; 2. To render the.Jock {e- 
cure from violence, and of courfe the bolt 
fhould be large in proportion to the fize of 
New Patents lately enrolled. 
[April , 
the lock, and the parts ufed to retain the 
bolt ought to be compaét and firm 3, 
3. Security from picking, which is obtain= 
ed by preventing the accefs of any thing 
te releafe,the bolt except its proper key ; 
4. The avoiding friétion as much as pof- 
ible, that the bolt may move with faci- 
lity, and the works may not be injured by 
ufe. 
After thefe principles as preliminaries, 
Mr. S. fays, in the invention before us, fe- 
curity, fimplicity, and ftrength, have been 
his chiefaim. he principle of ftrength 
Is that of pinning or-nailing two pieces or 
plates of metal together while their fur- 
faces are held in contaét. For fecurity, 
the nails or pips are made of an indefinite 
variety, fo that, from their pofition and 
number, they may admit of any required 
number of locks, without having twe 
alike. Other modes are pointed out, to 
increafe the number of combinations ; 
and in order effectually to prevent the 
opening of the lock by any thing but its 
own key, the nails or pins may be placed 
cut of fight, and guarded from accefs by 
the projecting ftud of the lock on which 
the key turns; and to prevent the taking 
eff an impr<ffion of the pins or nails by the. 
infertion of a foft fubltance or blank key, 
a number of marks are made on the fur-~ 
face of the moveable plate, fimilarto thefe 
caufed by the ends of the pins entering 
through it. Thefe pins may be made of 
all fizes, fo as to prevent the poffibility of 
making a falle key upon the niceft infpec- 
tion. Thefe methods are applicable to 
locks of every defcription ; and any re- 
quired number of bolts may be thrown in 
different directions at the fame time by 
means of their connection with the mov- 
ing-plate, or the plate may be made of 
fuch a form as to throw out points im 
every direction when turned by the key. 
It is applicable to bars thrown acrols doors 
into flaples, and to window-fafenings. 
In door-locks, where a latch requires a 
knob or, handle, this is made to be prefled 
directly forward on one fide, and pulled 
direétiy back on the other, according to 
the motion of the door. It.is effected by 
means of a chain or other flexible fubs 
tance turning, and which, being pefhed 
or drawn, releafes the latch and.opens the 
door by the fame motion. This puther 
may cither have a projecting-piece acting ~ 
upon the jatch asa wedge, or it may draw 
by means ot achain, &c., turning over a 
roller, or the ation may be communicated 
by means of a crank and wheel. A {piral- 
{pring is ufed to throw the catch, but as it 
acis in a contrary direétion to the mote 
of 
