416 
fays, ** This collection was fo called becaufe 
in the nomenclature of the painter’s art in 
Italy ber veritatis means a fketch-book 
in which’ the artift regifters his memorav- 
dums from nature. The Englifh dilet- 
tante praifes a drawing asa ttudy from 
nature ; and the Italian would term the 
fame production uz difegno copiato dal ve- 
vo; the term truth being ufed in oppofi- 
tion to works of imagination. Claude’s 
practice correfponds with this explanation 
ef the'title ; and it is a valuable example 
for others to follow, whomean, like him, 
to excel in the arts.” 
This is very ingenious ; but many dif- 
ficulties arife againft this” explanation. 
Allthe fubjeéts in this book do not appear 
to have been mere tranfcripts or copies of 
particular {cenes : they are works in which 
the imagination has combined; and the 
artift invented at leaft as much as he co- 
pied. Wasthis book {0 called by Claude ’ 
himfelf, or was this title given to it at a 
later period ? 
The more general reafon alleged why 
this collection bears this title is, Claude 
fufpe&ted his pupil Swaneteld fecretly co- 
pied his works ; and to that fufpicion it is 
faid we are indebted for this book Libro di 
Verita, in which he has inferted the great- 
eft part of his works, fo that any plagia- 
rifms might be difcovered ; and on the 
back of each drawing wrote the perfon’s 
name for whom the picture was painted. 
T have little doubt but fome gentlemen 
may be enabled to give more precile infor- 
mation than is generally known why thefe 
beautiful and rich defigns of Claude are 
colleéted under the title of Leber Veritatis. 
May 8, 1806. AN ARTIST. 
For ihe Monthly Magazine. 
CONTRIBUTIONS f¢0 ENGLISH SYNO- 
NYMY.—NO. Iv. 
[ Continued from p. 513 0f Number 137-] 
Arbour, Bower. - 
OTH thefe words are at prefent ap- 
plied to fhady nooks formed by inter- 
woven boughs ; but arbour fuggefts the 
idea of a naturairece{s, and bower of an 
artificial inclofure ; arbour of what is 
branchy overhead, bower of what is late- 
rally bounded. We fly to an arbour for 
fhelter againft the fhower, and to a bower. 
for thelter againft the wind. 
This has naturally refulted from the 
derivation of the words. Jn arbour the 
Contributions to E-ngl:/h Synonymy. 
[June 1, 
Bufo, Tree, Shrub. 
A bufth differs from a tree in that its 
branchinefs begins at the very root ;_ 
whereas a tree rifescaa fingle em. The 
fame plant, according to its form or - 
growth, may be abuih oratree. The 
hawthorn, which commonly forms a buth, 
may be educated into a beautiful tree. 
The willow, which naturally grows forth - 
into a tree, may be profitably cultivated 
asa bufh. Shrub, like buth, is a deno- 
mination of underwood. Buih refpects 
the accidental, fhrub the habitual, form 
of growth. Whatever fprouts with many 
ftems, whether a beech or an oak, is a 
buth ; whatever grows up ufually in the 
form of a bufh, as the laurel and the rofe, 
is a fhrub. 
Buth is etymologically conneéted with 
baufchen, to tie up in faggots ; tree with 
true, which means ftrait; and fhrub with 
/oreminan, te impede. 
Bough, Branch, Twig, Sprig or Spray. 
Bough, being derived from bugan, to 
bend, is one of thofe portions of the ftem 
which bends fidewards, an arm of a 
tree. ca 
Branch, being derived from braacke, 
paw, is one of the finger-like fubdivifions 
of a bough. 
Twig, being derived from fave, (as 
zweig from zwey,) properly means one 
of thofe fide-branches which ‘fhoot in 
couples. 
Sprig, fpray, or rather {fprey, are va- 
rious {pellings of the fame word, which is 
etymologicaily connected with to Jpread, 
to {prit, and to {prout y they defcribe the 
expanding extremities of a twig. F 
>T was all her joy the ripening fruits to tend, 
And fee the boughs with happy burdens bend. 
Pore. 
Tall 2s the cedar of the mountain, here 
Rofe the gold branches, hung with emerald 
leaves, 
Bloficm’d with pearls, and rich with ruby 
fruit. ad: SouTHEY. 
Within the living wound 
Inclofe the fofer twig, around which {pread — 
The binding clay. PHILIPS. 
The wind that whifles throegh the fpreys. 
-  DryvDzni 
Our chilly climate hardly bears 
A fprig of- bays in fifty years. SwIFT. 
_A denuded fialk is not catled a fprey 5 
a crocked {prout is not called a twigs a 
leading fhoot is not called a branch ;-an 
upright fem is not called a bough. 
Heavy; 
a 
