aie 
out,) is be who buys corn for diftribution 
in the home-market : a corn-merchant is 
he who buys corn for or from the foreign 
market. 
Commerce in the French language an- 
fwers to merchantry in the Englith : it 
means a trading with other countries. 
We apply the term ftil! more inclufively, 
and reckon brokerage and banking among 
the departments of commerce, although 
no purchafes are made by fuch agents of 
interchange. ; 
The Italian verb frafficare was intro- 
duced by the Lombards, and it is etymo- 
logically conneéted with the Gothic tref- 
fan, tomeet. Trafic confequently figmi- 
fies that commerce which is conducted by 
perfonal interview. Thofe who make 
bargains at the Exchange, trafic. Thofe 
who infpe&t the commodities they buy, 
trafic. Thofe fupercargoes who make 
contraéts on the {pot for their loading, 
trafic. A pedlar traffics. 
. To trade and traffic with Macbeth 
In riddles and affairs of death, 
Good-manners, Good breeding. 
Good-manners are confined to addr+fs 
and condué ; good-breeding includes the 
fafhionable accomplifhments : good-man- 
ners are the effect of intercourfe ; good- 
breeding of education : good manners im- 
ply more of obfervation ; good-breeding 
more of induftry. Gocd-manners ufual- 
ly refult from good-breeding ; yet the for- 
mer are more to a man’s own praife, and 
he latter to that of his tutors. 
(To be continued ) 
For the Monthly Magazine. 
THE ANTIQUARY. 
NO. IX. 
Let’s talk of graves, and worms, and epi- 
taphe. SHAKsp., Ric. it. 
ies other day, in company with a 
friend, our converfation fell upon 
thofe {mall poems in the Greek Antholo- 
gy which were written as memorials of 
the dead. My companion’s obfervations 
on their excélience proceeded to the extra- 
vagance of panegyric: and though I en- 
deavoured to convince him we have many 
epitaphs in our own language of unufval 
merit, he feemed very unwilling to conf- 
der the funeral monuments of the moderns 
in any other light than as merely illuftra- 
tive of our genealogical antiquities. Our 
converfation Jed to a few refearches into 
the hiftory cf the epitaph in England ; 
and the refult is here pvefented to the 
reader. 
The Antiquary. 
[June 1, 
Among our earlieft epitaphs we may 
probably reckon thofe of the Romanized 
Britons ; and in their form they feem to 
have been very fimilar'to fuch as are re- 
corded of the Romans. The latter ufually 
began either with Hic jacet, or Dizs Manz- 
bus ; the titles and offices of the deceafed 
followed, with perhaps fome verfes; and 
a conciufios, which informed the reader 
by whom or through what means the in- 
{cription was erected. 
Whether the Saxons or the Danes ufed 
monumental infcriptions, either in their 
own or in the Latin tongue, in this coun- 
try, it is perhaps impoffible to afcertain. 
The few which we have for people in the 
‘Saxon times are the compofitions of a 
later pericd. - 
The regular feries of the Englifh epi- 
taph begins/in the eleventh century. One ' 
of the mdft remarkable at this period ts 
that preferved in Sir William Dugdale’s 
Baronage for Wiiliam de Warren, Earl of 
Surrey, who died in 1089. He found it 
in the Abbey Regifter ; where it was faid 
to have been engraven on a white ffone. 
Hic Gulielme Comes, locus eft laudis tibi 
fomes 
Hujus fundator, & largus fedis amator. 
Iite tuum funus decorat, placuit quia mu- 
nus 
Pauperibus Chrifti, quod prompta mente de 
diftl. 
Ille tuos cineres fervat Pancratius heres, 
Sanétorum Caftris qui te fociabit in aftris. 
Optime Pancrati, fer opem te glorificanti 5 
Daque poli fedem, talem tibi qui dedit 
eJem. i 
The generality, however, of the ept- 
taphs of this period were neither fo long 
norfo!aboured as Earl Warren’s. Vitalis, 
the twecty-firt Abbot of Weftminfter, 
a 
who died in 1082, had only thefe two 
lines; 
A vita nomen qui traxit, morte vocante, 
Abbas Viralis tranfiit, hicque jacet. 
In the twelfth century our ep'taphs are 
few. The tomo ufually contifted of a 
fingle figure, with fuch ornaments as feem- 
ed to defignate the employment or the cha- 
racter of the deceafed. And (with the 
excep:ien of occafional Leonines,) when 
ai. infcription was added, it was little more 
than a mere defignation of the perion: 
fuch as that at Hereford of the year 
1148, 
Di‘us Robertus de Retun Eps Herefordenfis. 
Or that in the chapter-houfe at Gloucef- 
ten, 17a 
Hic jacet Ricardus Strongbow filius Gilberti 
Comitis de Pembroke, 
Thovg ty | 
al 
