3538 
animal kingdoms, of whatever denomi- 
nation they may be, whether folid or fluid, 
the fame being eflentially compofed, more 
or lefs, of carbon, hydrogen, fulphur, and 
phofphorus, mto thofe fubftances which 
are the objects of Mr. Denize’s invention, 
by means of their being completely fatu- 
rated by the moft hydrogenous fubftances, 
taken indifferently from the three king- 
coms. 
We thall give an example from the fpe- 
eification before us, which will probably 
be deemed fufficient by our readers :— 
with regard to the mineral kingdom, Mr. 
Denize takes all kinds of foft, fluid, and 
volatile bitumens, known by the feveral 
names of mineral pitch, petrol, &c. or 
productions of the fame nature, obtained 
by diftillation or otherwife, from all or 
ary of the concrete bitumens, and patti- 
cularly thofe obtained by diftillation of 
foffil coal, and by diftillation of mineral 
pitch, and of the thick oil extracted from 
coal, fuch diitillation being purfued until 
the matters are reduced intoa carbon, or 
caput mortuum. The fame procefs is 
ufed with fubftances fram the vegetable 
and animal kingdom. ‘Then into a large 
copper, formed for the purpofe, he puts a 
quantity of foffil or vegetable coals; a 
Jike quantity of the foots of foffil coal, or 
other concrete bitumens; and, laftly, two 
parts, or a double quantity of bullock’s 
blood, or, infead of this, of human ex- 
crement, either of them ina natural ftate 
rather than in-a ftate of exficcation. To 
thefe are to be added two-thirds, more or 
lefs, of their total weight of foft or fluid 
bitumens, fuch as mineral pitch. 
The fubfiances above deicrrbed are now 
to be fubjected to various proceffes of cal- 
cination, difilation, &c. which are de- 
feribed in phe fpecification to which fuch 
readers may bereferred whofe curiofily is 
not fatisfied with wnat they have already 
{een. ; 
ad 
MR. THOS. KENTISH (BAKER-STREET), 
for Improvements in the Confirution of 
Machines or Engines, applicable to the 
moving of heavy Badies and Weights 
of all Kinds, either apon Land or on 
Board of Ships and Veffels, and ta wa- 
rious other ujeful Purpofes. 
In the drawings that accompany the 
fpecification given by Mr. Kentith, we 
have the reprefentation of part of a fhip, 
and the manner in which the machinery ts 
affixed to the derrick or crane. The der- 
rick ifelf may be fixed to afhip’s main- 
yards main*maft, fore-maf, or any other 
convenient place, or to a trong poft in the 
New Patents lately Enrolled —-Diving Apparatus: 
[July i, 
ground upon land, or to the fide of a. 
building. The purchafe-wheel, which 
may be fixed to any part of the derrick or 
crane, is from two feet diameter fo fix or 
ten, as the purchafe may require; the 
groove to admit the rope te pafs round to’ 
be about three inches deep; the thicknefs 
of the wheel and frame to be from four to 
eight inches, according to the quantity of 
rope required. The axle-tree of the 
wheel 1s iron covered with wood, to be 
formed in iiclined planes from three feet 
long to fix feet, or more, the diameter in 
the centre from fix to twelve inches ac- 
cording to the power defired. There are 
four iron bars to fupport the purchafe- 
wheel, from half an inch to one inch 
thick, and two iron bolts, through the 
centres of the derricks, to fix on the bars 
with iron or brals nuts and fcrews: a 
roller formed of wood with an iron axie- 
tree, to take the rope off the purchale- 
‘wheel, with two inclined planes at 45* 
angle or flope, to lower the weight down. 
Belides thele, there are plates to fupport 
and fix the roller; handles faftened to the 
ends of the axle-tree; blocks, thivers, 
hooks, gags, &c. 
By other figures attached to the fpecifi- 
cation are reprefented the form and con- 
ftruétion of the purchafe-wheel, and two 
cranes, with the feveral parts of the ma- 
chinery belonging thereto ; the/e will thew 
how they are applied to cranes and other 
engines of the like nature, and made ufe 
of upon wharfs, warehoules, and other 
places ; and alfo that the firength and di- 
menfions of which muff depend on the 
weight required to be raifed. 
THE NEW DIVING APPARATUS. 
With a Plate. ~~ 
The great fuccefs which has ‘attended 
the attempts te raile the property fonk in 
the Abergavenny, has conferred diltinc- 
ticn'on the apparatus employed, and en- 
titled i> to the {pectal notice of the pub- 
Nic. We hive introduced in this Num- 
ber of the Monthiy Magazine a fhetch 
from the large print publifhed for W, 
TONKIN, the inventor, by Melirs. Boy- 
dell and Co, at tee 
The machine irfelf is expreffed in. the 
engraving by the Figure 2, and confills of 
a body of copper with ion, beois and 
joints, as in coats of mail, ‘The whole ts 
then covered with leather, and afterwards 
with canvas painted white, to. diitinguifh 
itin the water. The arms are made of 
firong, water-proof leather, and the place 
for fight is about eight inches diameter, 
and glazed with glais an inch thick. The 
diver, Mr. Braithwaite, is funk in this 
machine 
