G12 
obferves, * Right is no other than reé- 
um (regitum), the paft participle of the 
Latin verb regerg. Whence in Italian 
you have rite ; and from dirigere, diritto, 
dritio, whence the French have their an- 
cient droicd?, and their modern droit.' The 
Ktalian dritio and the French droit being 
no other than the paft participle dire@um.” 
tn the fame manner our Englith word ju 
is made the paft participle of the verb 
jubere; and law of the Anglo-Saxon 
Jecgan ponere; laid down—as a rule of 
condu&i. By thefe explanations Mr. 
Tooke thinks himfelf enabled to account 
for what is called abfrafion, and for 
abfira& ideas, whofe exiftence he denies. 
Such terms, he fays, however denomi- 
nated in conftruétion, are generally par- 
ticiples or adjeftives ufed without any 
jubftantives to which they can be — ; 
and are therefore, in coniftruétion, conii- 
dered as fubftantives. 
An A& (aliquid) .4é-um 
A Fa& ae - 
A Debt ——_—— = Debit-um 
Rent ——-_—_ Rendit-um, redditum 
Tribute ewer Te ibut-um 
An Attribute ——=—— Attribut-um 
" Incenfe ———— = Lncenf-um 
An Exparle —— Expanf-um 
The multiplication of inftances is as end- 
lefs as unneceflary. Thus far, however, 
it is only noticed in fuch words as have 
been adopted from the Greek, Latin, [ta- 
lian, and French: but inthe third, fourth, 
and fifth chapters, the paft participle is 
fhown to be equally obfervable in thofe 
words which are original in our own lan- 
guage. ‘* Brand (obferves Mr. Tooke) 
in all its ufes, is merely the paft partici- 
ple of bren-ed, bren’d, of the verb to 
bren, with we now write to burn. Shred 
and fherd are each of them the paft parti- 
ciple of pceynan to fheer. Blind of blin- 
nan, to fiop. Gift is gived, giad, gift. 
Cleft, ciift, cliff, is cleaved, cleaw'd, cleft” 
With other inftances and illuftra:ions 
which occupy by. far the larger portion of 
the volume. Fromthefe Mr. Tooke pro- 
ceeds to the myftery of adjectives. Har- 
risand Lowth concurred in ebferving that 
adjectives were not the names of things, 
and that they never properly denored fub- 
ftances, ‘* Yet (fays Mr. Tooke) I 
think you will not deny that gold, and 
brafs, and filz, is each of them the zame 
of a thing, and denotes a fubftance. If 
then LJay a gold-ring, a bra/fs-tube, a file 
firing—here are the fubfantives adjef@ivé 
poeta, yetnames of things, and denoting- 
fubffances.°” They who delight in phiio- 
logical difquifitions will here find an 
Retrofped of Domeftic Literature. —M ifcellanies. 
abundant fource of entertainment. For 
our own parts, we would expunge the po- 
litics, and compre(fs the grammar. | 
After the copious Index to Shak{peare’s 
plays, which was compiled by Mr. Ayf- 
cough, we did not expect to fee another 
publication of the kind fo foon. ‘The 
prefent, however, is a ‘* Verbal Index,” 
and does great credit to Mr. Twiss’s in- 
dutry. It is very much in the manner 
of the indexes to the Delphin Claffics. 
Dr. AnDREWws’s ** Difqguifitions on the 
Sentiments and Condudt of a Britifh Prince” 
contain many ufefui and patriotic fuggef- 
tions. The ftyle is but little animated, 
but the freedom of the obfervations is not 
likely to give offence. 
Milfs PLumprre’s ‘** Hifforical Rela- 
tion of the Plague at Marjeilles,” tranf- 
lated from the French manufcript of M. 
Bertrand, is one of the moft interefting 
relations of the kind we ever met with, 
though perhaps it may not contribute any 
novel or ufeful information to profeffional 
men. ; Biss 
Mr. Puayrair’s “ Inquiry into the 
permanent Caufes. of the Decline and Fall 
of powerful and wealthy Nations” is a 
valuable work ; and the onlyone, we be- 
lieve, in which the principles which influ- 
ence thedecline and fall of governments 
have been made the fubjeét of fyftemaric 
inveftigation. The fources, modes, and, 
phenomena of decay, indeed, are too fre- 
quently intermixed with each other; and 
in the difcuffion of fome points the author 
is irrecular anddefultory. Though, not- 
withflanding, we recommend his work to 
ferious perufal. 
Mr. BuTTERMAN’s “ Arithmetic Di- 
alogue between a Mafier and his Pupil,” 
except in what relates to the purchafing of 
funded property, has no advantages over 
other elementary works of the kind. 
The fecond part of “ The-Periplus of 
the Erythrean Sea,’ by Dr. ViNCENT, 
adds much to the literary reputation he 
has already acquired. In the former por- 
tion of the work, whatever had relation 
to commerce and ancient difcoveries in 
Egypt, and on thecoaft of Africa, was 
extenfively detailed; in this the fame line 
of invettigation is purfued refpecting Ara- 
bia and India. To prefent an epitome of 
this curious volume here would be.impof 
fible: we thall only mention one or two 
of the more valuable topics it enlarges on. 
With refpeét to the Egyptians, he ob- 
ferves, they not only abhorred the fea, 
but-ali thofe conneéted with it; while the 
Arabians, in’ their maritime purfuits, 
had neither religious nor civil difficulties 
t 
ia 
