1804.| Information refpeéting Emigration to North America: 
foreits into pleafant fertile vales; the 
dreary wilds of an extenfive country into 
opulous towns and flourifhing villages, 
inhabited by free men, who have no other 
purfuit than increafing their commerce, or 
attenhine to the cultivation of the foil 
they are owners of. He will find among 
them no models of perfection in the imi- 
tative arts; but he will fee them bufily 
employed in improving nature by the 
hand of induftry, which they think pre- 
ferable to imicating her by the bruh or 
the chiflel. If, from fuch a glance of the 
United States, a traveller from curiofty 
fhould be deterred from vifiting them, h’s 
abfence will net be regretted by -the in- 
habitants, who had much rather fee a 
man of bufinefs. 
But, waving curiofity, let us fee what 
advantages the United States hold forth 
to emigrating perfons intending to fettle, 
and make the beft of the property they 
have, or gain a property there. Thefe 
may be divided into the following clafles : 
1. The capitalift. 
2. Men of the learned profeffions. 
3. Men of literary genius and artiits. 
4. Farmers who have property. 
5. Thofe who have none. 
6. Mechanics. 
7. Labourers. 
I propole to confider thefe feriatim ; 
and firft, the capitalifts. To men of large 
fortunes, who can afford to pay iz pre- 
Jentt for advantages iz futuro, (in addition 
to profitable {peculations in the Ameri- 
can funds, and the exorbitant intereft to 
be made of money in a country where it 
is fearce, and every one trades up to and 
moft exceed their capital,) the purghale 
of wafte lands offers a very alluring ad- 
vantage; if properly managed. The hif- 
tory of a fingle fpeculation of this nature 
would fet the matter in the cleareft light, 
and your readers may rely on its authen- 
ticity, as it is colle&ted trom the notes of 
the agent employed to fuperintend the 
- fettlement of the land alluded to. Soon 
after the end of the American revolution- 
ary war, the government of the United 
States, in order to raife money, , put up. 
fome of the State-lands for fale. Mr. Ro- 
bert Morris, of Philadelphia, purchafed 
two millions of acres of the lands called 
Geneflee lands, in the ftate of New York, 
at eight-pence currency (eight fhillings 
to the doliar) per acre. Mr. Morris_re- 
ferved to himfelf one million of the Ge- 
nefleé flats, which are efteemed to be the 
belt parts of thefe lands, and theft re-fold 
to an agent for the (Englifh) Pulteney 
family, the other million of acres, at a 
107 
French crown per qcte. The improve- 
ments made on thefe latter lands have 
been rapid and productive beyind ex. 
ample. The firft ftep taken was to open 
a communication, or waggon-road, from 
the intended new fettlemment to the county 
of Northumberland, a weil fertled part in 
the interior of the ttate of Pennfylvania; 
A town was then marked out, and the 
three principal buildings (which in a-new 
fettlemenct are always, for obvious reafons, 
a jaw-mill, a grift-mill, and a black- 
{mith’s fhop) were foon ereéted. No 
fooner was the timber, which encumbered 
the furrounding lands, felled, than it was 
brought to the {aw mill, converted inte 
plauks, and again raifed into comfortable 
dwelling houfes; the grift-mill ground 
corn for the confumptian of the fettlers 
and fur market, when they came to have 
a fuperfluity ; and the blackfmith’s thop 
furnithhed and repaired their iron-work, 
hufbandry-tools, &c. Thus the mott ef- 
{ential requifites being ready, fettlers 
weie invited by offers of reatonable termsy 
and the towns of Bath, Williamfburgh, 
Canandarqua, &c. {prung up as it were 
out of the earth, without any other magi- 
cal power than that of mosey. The 
terms offered to fettlers varied in fome 
{mall réfpects, but the general {cale of 
them was as follows: the fettler agreed 
for a certain quantity of land at a given 
price, to be paid at the end of ten years; 
but no intereft, or other confideration, 
was to be paid by him for the fir feven 
years, that time being allowed him to 
build a dvelling-houfe, ‘barn, and fuch 
other needful out-houfes as, by the con- 
tract, he was bound to do; and likewife 
to clear and bring his land into order. 
At the expiration of {even years he was 
prefumed to have got fo well on in the 
world, as to be able to pay ‘egal intereft 
on his purchafe money; and at the end 
of the tenth year, he was to pay his 
purchafe-money, and have a conveyance 
made to him ; or, indefault of paying the 
purchafe-money, to forfeit the ercétions 
and improvements he had made. | By this 
fort of contraét, the feller was fure the 
purchafer would ftrain every nerve to 
{crape the purchale-money together, to 
make the freehold his own, and avoid a 
forfeiture; or, if he did not, the improve- 
ments were an ample fecurity to the fel 
ler. Thefe lands were fold at from three 
to ten pounds per acre, and many of the 
toxn lots fetched, fome years fince, fo - 
much as 45]. iterling, per acre! The 
price mult have been by this time con- 
fiderably higher, as the towns have been 
increaled 
