1204,] 
At Sangueffa, we found, olive.treesy 
Sor the firft time fince we had enrered 
Spain. .The fruit is faid to be of a yood 
quality ; but this certainly did not appear 
irom the oil we found there, 
In returning to Pamplona we took a 
new route. We travelled a leagué up the 
banks of the Aragon, to avi Hage called 
Xavier, celebrated i in thefe parts for hav- 
ing given birth to St. Francis AAUIEr; 
commonly called the Apofile of the Indies. 
The country is very uneven, being the 
fouth dkirts of the Pyrenees, and in general 
covered with heath and fern. 
The village contains nothing remark- 
able but the old caftle of St. Francis’s fore- 
fathers, which has been altered from time 
to time, and a chapel handfomely fitted 
up in the chamber formeily occupied’ by 
him, before he’ embraced the .apattclic 
charge. 
Ot St. Francis Xavier, Mariana fays : 
* Inthe year 1552, and, on the 2d of 
December, the bleffed Father Francis de- 
parted this life, about the time that he 
arrived in China. He was a native of 
Navarre, and one of the firk companions 
of St. Ignatius, the founder of the Order 
of Jefuits. 
*« He preached the gofoel amongft the 
barbarcus nations of lniia, Japan, and 
other parts ; and was, without doubt, a 
‘holy and admirable perfon. His body is 
beset: in Goa, in the church of his 
order, and he has already (1582) been 
canonized.” 
Sanguefia is commonly believed to have 
fucceeded to the ancient Suefa, capital of 
Sucfitant, a people inhabiting this part of 
Spain ; and here is the beundary of the 
Bafque tongue to the fouth-ealt ; which, 
although generally underttood, €, not the 
ordinary language of the natives of the 
country. 
Leaving Xavier, we travelled over a 
fteep and high hill, tor three leacnes to 
another river, whch cdefcends from the 
Pyrenees, and meeting with a chain of 
hills in a direétion cr offing its ccurle, has 
made its way through, By. a narrow cleft 
or chafm, of half a mile in lengtn, whofe 
fides are in many places perpendicular, and 
feparated only fo far as to give paffige to 
the river ; which, on its iffuing trom the 
fouth fide of the hills, is pafle ed at a very 
“lofty ftone arch, from which the profpest 
wp the chafm is fingularly grand, and 
affords an admirable fpecimen of the ef- 
feéts produced on this globe, by one of 
the tremendous convulfions to which it 
Jai been futieGted in former ages 
from this {pot the read leads, for three 
Trip from Pamplona to Numantia, {c. in Shaim - 
391 
leagues more, over hills and vallies fcorelys 
ed with thirft, but much wooded, and ia 
. fome detached fpots turned into corn-land, 
to.the fale fprings before mentioned; where 
we dined, and teached Pampiona in the 
evening. 
On the 3d of September, about noon, 
we icit Pamplona, on a vifit to the antient 
Numantia, which,is the belt days of Rome, 
gave fo much Srhionatat to her armiesy 
and required the prefence of even the con- 
qverorof Africa to fubdue it. We.took 
toe. great road to Madrid, which is made 
in avery fubiiantial manner, and Kept in 
excellent order ; acd, travelling along a 
yaney bordered with gentle hills, came to 
a village at the end of a league and a half, 
near which was confiracting an aqueduct 
to convey water to Pampiona, from a hili 
a mile to the weftward of this village.  — 
This aqueduct is a very confiderable 
work. It contifts of ninety-feven arches, 
each of twenty-four feet {pan, fupported 
by piers cight feet broad, and fix feet 
thick. The height of an arch towards 
the middle of the ra: oge, where the ground 
was lowelt, was about forty ibaa Toe 
water caine from the {pings to the begin- 
ning of this an in an open channel, 
ane on pafling along the aqueiuct, enter- 
ed a2 fubterraneous canal, arched over, 
three feet and a half wide, and high 
encugh for a man_te walk in it, which is 
pierced throvgh a low hill, for above a 
quarter of a mile. In this manner, by a 
fucceffion of aguedu&s and tunnels, it was 
propofed to carry the water to the town. 
The tlream was conv vey ed in two feparate 
ranges of carthen pipes, each of leven 
inches bore, 
Why lesden, wooden, iron, or other 
pipes, laid under the turface of the ground, 
had not been employed on this occafion, 
we could not learn. Perhaps the idea was 
impor.ed from Rome, wh ‘ther it has for 
eye: time pait been the practice in Spain 
to fend their arnfts, to p sey feet themfelves 
in their feveral protffions ; and many cf 
the later public duildings and works 
been carried on under 
ance of natives of Italy. 
Proceeding a leagye forther in the val, 
ley, we obferved, a licile way to the right, 
on the top of a hill, remains of an antient 
fortrefs, refen:bling that at Montreal, 
having fevevat concentric ditches and ram- 
parts, drawn in a fimilar manner rouod 
the hill below it, . 
At the end of fix leagues from P 
Jona we arrived at Tafalia, where we me 
ped for the night. Tafalla is a {mall ern 
{arrounded with wails, conftructsd in the 
antieng 
have 
r the fuperintend- 
» @ 
