1804] 
the tin with fo much force, that they can- 
' not eafily be feparated. 
Mr. Alderfon farther obferves, that, 
from the nature of the manufasture, it 
muft admit of variations and medifica- 
tions as‘to the fize of the moulds and ma- 
chinery, and mode ot working, which he 
deems it needleis fur him to deferibe in 
the {pecification. 
—— a 
MR. RICHARD WILLCOX’S (BRISTOL), 
Jor Improvements on ihe Steam-Engine 
and Furnace. 
The improvements: for which this pa- 
tent is taken out, confifts in (1) methods 
of increafing the produ& of fteam with- 
out adding to the confumption of fuel; 
(2) an addition to the chimney-flue of a 
furnace, by which the deicent of the 
fmeke and heated matter to a lower level 
than that of the fire-piace is regulated 
and adjufted at pleafure; and (3) certain 
new arrangements and conftructions of 
the fteam-engine, by which its power and 
effects are greatly increafed. 
‘¢ Thefe improvements, (fays Mr Wil- 
cox) as well with regard to the general 
and fcientific principles upon which they 
are eftablifhed, as alfo with regard to the 
requifite variations of ftruéture, which 
every engineer of competent fkill mutt 
ada pe to the local and other circumflances 
of the work he undertakes, may eafily be 
deduced from the following deena, 
with the drawings thereunto annexed.” 
For want of thefe figures it would be in 
vain for us to at tempt to give the de- 
feription ; we can, therefore, do litile 
more than refer to the original {pecifica- 
tion, in which the reader will find every 
requifite information. 
Among the asvantages of this engine 
We are told, that the confant heat of the 
cylinder, and the pipe that leads to it, 
which can never come in contaét with the 
cold water ; and the increafing heat of 
the water in the cylinder, which foon ac- 
quires a high temperature, and then con- 
tinues its place, by its diminifhed fpecific 
gravity; muit tend in the higheft degree 
to prevent a wafteful condenfation of 
fieam. 
As the fire paffing up the chimney in 
various manufactories is very Contidcerabie, 
and much more tian fufficient to work an 
ordinary fteam-engine by condenfation, as 
ulual, Mr. Wilcox, in fuch cafes, loads 
the fafety valve, and conitruéts the en- 
gine of the requifite ftrength to bear an 
elaftic action of from fifteen to one hun- 
dred and fifty pounds on the inch, and 
Niw Patents lately enrolled. 
491 
upwards ; and in this manner the machine 
is worked by its elafticity only, and fuf- 
fers each fupply of fieam to efcape into 
the air after it has performed its office. 
By this means, the power of a four-inch 
cylinder may be made fo equal that of a 
cylinder of afoot, by which the engine 
will be confiderably more fimple, civeap, 
and portable. 
Mr. Wilcox’s method of generating 
fleam, being performed by projecting wa- 
ter upon a heated metallic or other fur- 
face, this part of his plan is not claimed 
by him as a new invention to its whole 
extent, but only fo far as the new flruc~- 
ture of his furnace, and the regulated ay. 
plication of the heat, do juftity his clann 
to the exclufive privilege of it. 
mene 
MR. ROWNTREE’S (CHRIST-CHURCH, 
SURREY), for a Machine for agitating 
certain Mixtures. 
« Milk (lays Mr. Rowntree) is a com. 
pound of oil, lympa, frum, and falt.; 
the feparati ion of which produces butter, 
cheele, and whey. The ferous and olew. 
ginous parts feparate after {tanding fome 
t: me, and rife to the top in the form of 
cream; from waich, by agitation and fepa~ 
ration ina churn, butter is produced.”’ For 
this purpofe a machine has been invented 
by the pa:entee, which confifts of a tube 
or tubes, either bent Hraight, for the re- 
ception of the cream, but open at boih 
ends; and in which are inferted breakers 5 
with two. caps at their outer extremities, 
rade in fuch a manver 4s to fit clofely to 
each end of the tube; or thefe caps may 
be loofe, and fitted on or taken off at 
pleafure as occafion may require. 
Having delcribed, by means o: draw- 
ings, his new machine, Mr. Rowntree 
compares it with churns already 1n ule, in 
order to exhibit the advantages to be de- 
rived from his invention. The objection 
again barrel and upright churns ts, that 
they will not, for want of a free circula- 
tion of the air, produce perfeétly {weet 
butier; but by the machine here de- 
fcribed, the evil is completely remedied 5 
for asthe part which contains the cream 
confitts of a tube or cylinder, open at 
both ends, and having a cap to each, 
wnich is fitted on and taken off at plea 
fure, it is evident that the whole infide, 
as well as the breakers and the caps at 
each end, may be as eafily cleaned, and 
as perfectly {weetened by expofure to a 
current of frefh air, as any utenfil in the 
dairy. 
Another difadvantage peculiar to the 
barrels 
