taff.1  COAL   WORK    IN    INDIAN    TERRITORY.  391 
Sansbois  Mountain  northwest  of  Wilburton,  but  they  have  not  been 
developed.  The  analysis  of  coal  from  a  point  north  of  Wister  and 
opposite  Cavanal  switch  is  indicated  in  the  following  record: 
Proximate  analysis  of  Cavanal  coal. 
Fer  cent. 
Moisture 0.22 
Volatile  combustible  matter 23.54 
Fixed  carbon _  66.  16 
Ash 10.08 
Sulphur 4.33 
Phosphorus    .  03 
The  Cavanal  coal  contains  no  shale  or  bony  coal  within  the  bed. 
Locally  thin,  sulphurous,  bony,  lenticular  layers  occur  at  the  top  and 
adhere  to  the  coal,  so  that  they  must  be  removed  in  mining. 
Witteville  coals. — The  two  highest  coal  beds  in  the  southern  part 
of  the  Indian  Territory  field  are  known  locally  as  the  Witteville 
coals,  being  named  for  the  village  at  which  mining  has  been  carried 
on  for  a  number  of  years  in  the  east  end  of  Cavanal  Mountain.  The 
horizon  of  the  coals  has  been  traced  completely  around  Cavanal 
Mountain,  but  prospecting  and  mining  developments  have  shown 
that  the  coal  is  of  workable  thickness  only  around  the  north,  east,  and 
south  sides  of  the  main  peak  of  Cavanal  Mountain,  which  stands  at 
the  east  end.  Everywhere  at  the  outcrop  the  dips  are  toward  the 
center  of  the  mountain,  varying  between  6°  and  10°.  The  lower 
bed  is  nearly  200  feet  beneath  the  upper,  has  been  prospected  at 
Witteville,  and  is  inferior  here  to  the  upper  on  account  of  the  pres- 
ence of  several  thin  layers  of  bony  coal  occurring  in  the  bed.  One 
of  the  Witteville  beds,  possibly  the  lower,  has  been  mined  rather 
extensively  at  Sutter,  in  the  northwest  base  of  the  mountain,  and  the 
upper  bed  is  mined  at  the  town  of  Witteville,  in  the  east  end. 
The  upper  coal  at  Witteville  has  a  thickness  of  about  4  feet  and 
contains  a  thin  parting  of  shale  or  bony  coal,  averaging  about  a 
third  of  an  inch  in  thickness.  The  roof  of  the  coal  is  a  hard  f os- 
siferous slaty  shale.  The  lower  bed  at  the  outcrop  at  Witteville 
contains  42  inches  of  coal,  separated  into  three  benches  by  two  thin 
partings  of  shale.  The  bed  mined  at  Sutter  contains  nearly  4  feet 
of  coal  and  is  separated  into  three  benches  by  two  thin  layers  of 
shale  or  bony  coal. 
The  first  of  (ho  following  analyses  was  made  by  the  United  States 
Geological  Survey  from  an  average  sample  of  the  run  of  mine  taken 
from  the  upper  coal  at  Witteville.  The  second  was  made  by  the 
Ledoux  Chemical  Laboratory,  of  NeAv  York  City,  of  samples  selected 
by  the  Poteau  Coal  and  Mercantile  Company,  operating  the  Witte- 
ville mines.     The  same  coal  company  had  samples  from  the  Witte- 
