griswold.1         COAL    IN    BURGETTSTOWN    QUADRANGLE,    PA.  405 
Creek  basin.  In  the  center  of  this  basin  the  Pittsburg  coal  is  800 
feet  above  sea  level  and  about  80  feet  lower  than  upon  the  divide 
which  separates  this  basin  from  Wilsons  Mill  basin. 
The  major  axis  of  the  Cross  Creek  basin  lies  at  right  angles  to  the 
axis  of  the  general  synclinal  depression.  From  the  center  of  the 
basin  westward  the  rocks  rise  in  a  broad  amphitheater,  but  gradually 
flatten  to  the  normal  rise  to  the  northwest.  Toward  the  east  the 
strata  rise  much  more  slowly,  forming  a  long,  narrow,  canoe-shaped 
basin  4  or  5  miles  in  length.  From  the  center  of  the  Cross  Creek 
basin  the  rocks  rise  rapidly  to  the  north,  and  only  slight  indications 
of  the  general  synclinal  trough  are  found  in  the  steep  dip  which 
passes  from  east  to  west  across  most  of  the  quadrangle  on  the  north 
side  of  this  basin.  This  east-west  slope  terminates  near  the  town  of 
Florence  on  the  west  and  that  of  Candor  on  the  east. 
The  next  synclinal  basin  to  the  north  lies  about  midway  between 
the  towns  of  Bavington,  Florence,  Frankfort,  and  Murdocksville,  and 
close  to  the  cross-roads  known  as  the  "  Five  Points,"  from  which  it 
derives  its  name. 
East  of  the  synclinal  basins  above  described  are  two  pronounced 
anticlinal  domes;  one  occurs  just  north  of  the  town  of  Candor,  and 
is  named  from  that  place;  the  other  occurs  in  the  southeast  section 
of  the  quadrangle  near  Westland,  from  which  it  derives  its  name. 
From  Eldersville  an  anticlinal  ridge  extends  southward,  decreasing 
in  elevation,  but  maintaining  its  crest  somewhat  higher  than  the 
adjacent  structures.     This  is  called  the  "  Eldersville  anticlinal  nose." 
LINES    OF    TRANSPORTATION. 
Three  railroad  systems  enter  the  Burgettstown  quadrangle.  From 
the  south  side  of  Ohio  River,  west  of  Pittsburg,  a  branch  line  has 
been  built  from  the  Pittsburg  and  Lake  Erie  Railroad  (Vanderbilt 
system)  to  the  mining  towns  of  Imperial  and  Santiago,  in  the  north- 
east section  of  the  quadrangle.  No  serious  topographic  feature  would 
be  encountered  in  extending  this  line  to  Clinton,  and,  in  case  that  were 
done,  this  road  would  receive  the  full  coal  output  of  that  place  and 
also  that  of  an  extensive  area  to  the  south. 
The  Pittsburg,  Cincinnati,  Chicago  and  St.  Louis  Railroad^  (Penn- 
sylvania system)  crosses  the  middle  of  the  quadrangle  in  an  east -west 
direction.  Within  the  quadrangle  this  line  crosses  two  summits,  one 
at  Bulger,  separating  the  valley  of  Robinsons  Run  from  the  valley 
of  Raccoon  Creek,  and  the  other  at  Dinsmore,  separating  the  valley 
of  Raccoon  Creek  on  the  east  from  that  of  Harmon  Creek  on  the 
west.  West  of  Dinsmore  the  railroad  follows  Harmon  Creek  to 
Ohio  River,  in  the  vicinity  of  Steubenville.  At  Burgettstown 
branches  have  been  started  from  the  main  line  up  the  two  forks  of 
