Arnold.!  COAL    IN    CLALLAM    COUNTY,   WASH.  417 
the  very  gently  folded  and  tilted  clays,  sands,  and  gravels  of  that  age 
found  in  the  vicinity  of  Port  Angeles. 
COAL. 
Historical. — The  existence  of  coal  in  Clallam  County  has  been 
known  at  least  since  1804  or  1865,°  when  a  prospect  was  opened  in 
the  sea  cliff  about  2|  miles  east  of  Slip  Point,  Clallam  Bay.  Mr. 
S.  C  Gilman,  in  his  article  on  the  Olympic  country,  has  this  to  say 
regarding  the  old  mine : 6 
Between  Pillar  Point  and  Clallam  Pay,  on  the  Straits  of  Fuca,  is  the  aban- 
doned Thorndike  coal  mine.  There  are  said  to  have  been  "  six  leads  of  eoal, 
ranging  in  thickness  from  1  to  3  feet,  dip,  10°;  distance  between  coal  leads,  12 
to  100  feet;  formation,  sandstone."  This  is  said  to  have  been  one  of  the  best 
['oals  found  in  Washington.  It  was  mined  for  some  time,  until  it  pinched  out 
3Y  was  cut  off  by  a  fault,  and  the  vein  was  lost  and  the  work  abandoned. 
The  remains  of  the  old  pier  from  which  the  coal  at  the  mine  was 
oaded  onto  schooners,  were  still  visible  in  1892,  when  Mr.  J.  S.  Diller 
visited  the  locality.  The  location  of  the  mine  is  given  on  the  Coast 
tnd  Geodetic  Survey  chart  (No.  6300)  as  2J  miles  east  of  Slip  Point, 
lallam  Bay.  Mr.  Bailey  Willis  also  mentions  the  occurrence  of 
oal  measures  on  the  Clallam  and  Psyche  (Pysht)  rivers  in  his 
eport  on  the  coal  fields  of  Washington  Territory .£ 
Coal,  said  to  have  been  d  "  taken  from  a  vein  at  the  headwaters  of 
he  Quillayute  River,1'  gave  the  following  analysis:6 
Analysis  of  coal  from  headwaters  of  Quillayute  River,  Washington. 
Per  cent. 
Moisture 5.10 
Volatile  combustible  matter 39.  15 
Fixed  carbon 47.  01 
Ash    7.77 
Sulphur    .97 
Total 100.00 
Freshwater  Bay  field. — The  easternmost  locality  in  the  county  at 
hich  prospecting  operations  for  coal  have  been  carried  on  is  in  the 
gion  about  Freshwater  Bay,  7  miles  west  of  Port  Angeles.  As 
ifore  mentioned,  this  field  lies  just  to  the  south  of  the  bay,  on  the 
iprthea stern  portion  of  a  rather  broad  synclinal  trough.     The  only 
t  Landes,  Henry,  The  coal  deposits  of  Washington  :  Ann.  Rept.  Washington  Geol.  Sur- 
V,  vol.  1,  1901,  p.  258. 
P  Nat.  Geog.  Mag.,  vol.  7,  1896,  p.  139. 
,  Tenth  Census,  vol.  15,  1886,  p.  760. 
I  Bethune,  Geo.  A.,  Mines  and  minerals  of  Washington  :    Ann.  Rept.  First  State  Geol. 
vey,  pp.  15,  16.      Olympia,  1891. 
Op.  et  loc.  cit. 
Bull.  260—05  m 27 
