aknold.]  COAL    IN    CLALLAM    COUNTY,   WASH.  421 
RESUME. 
Clallam  County,  located  on  the  Olympic  peninsula,  in  the  north- 
west corner  of  Washington,  contains  two  fields  where  coal  occurs 
in  apparently  workable  quantities.  A  small  quantity  of  coal  was 
shipped  from  one  of  the  fields  a  few  years  ago.  However,  not  much 
development  work  has  been  done  since,  and  it  remains  for  future 
exploitation  to  determine  whether  or  not  the  deposits  are  of  economic 
importance. 
One  field  lies  in  a  synclinal  trough  immediately  south  of  Fresh- 
water Bay.  Its  detailed  structure,  however,  is  imperfectly  known, 
owdng  to  the  glacial  drift  which  covers  most  of  the  country  rock  of 
the  region.  The  presence  of  coal  in  this  field  was  disclosed  by  a  drill 
bole,  which  cut  through  three  seams,  as  follows:  A  4-inch  bed  at  40 
feet,  a  26-inch  bed  at  about  250  feet,  and  a  56-inch  bed  at  525  fed. 
The  quality  of  this  coal  is  said  to  be  similar  to  that  found  in  the 
Clallam  Bay  field. 
The  second  field  lies  between  Pillar  Point  and  Clallam  Bay,  and 
t  also  occupies  a  syncline.  The  structure  of  the  basin  is  more  or  less 
duplicated  by  sharp  local  folds  and  faults  which  may  interfere  with 
he  working  of  the  deposits.  Three  seams  have  been  found  in  this 
ield,  the  main  one  being  36  inches  thick,  while  above  this  is  a  22-inch 
)ed  and  below7  it  a  12-inch  one,  The  coal  is  a  clean,  hard,  glossy, 
>lack  lignite,  which  breaks  with  a  conchoidal  fracture,  and  contains 
ome  pyrites.  According  to  Mr.  M.  K.  Campbell,  this  lignite  is  part- 
icularly well  adapted  for  use  in  gas  producers. 
The  local  demand  for  coal  in  the  county  is  small.  It  therefore 
yill  have  to  be  shipped  if  mined  in  very  large  quantities.  A  factor 
a  favor  of  both  fields  is  their  nearness  to  the  navigable  waters  of 
le  Strait  of  Juan  de  Fuca.  The  coal,  after  mining,  can  be  loaded 
nniediately  on  seagoing  vessels,  thus  doing  away  with  much  of  the 
xpense  of  handling  and  hauling  to  tide  water,  which  is  added  to  the 
ost  of  mining  in  the  case  of  the  other  Washington  coals  with  which 
le  product  of  the  Clallam  County  fields  will  necessarily  come,  into 
mpetition. 
