72  CONTRIBUTIONS    TO    ECONOMIC    GEOLOGY,  1905. 
The  quartz  is  white  or  pinkish  from  iron  stain  and  has  a  sparry  texture.  At  the  surfs 
the  quartz  is  deeply  stained  by  limonite  and  hematite.  This  is  said  to  have  been  localbj 
charged  with  gold,  probably  derived  from  pyrite,  which  occurs  with  limonite  in  quartz  at 
the  bottom  of  the  shaft.     The  quartzite  near  the  vein  is  sheeted. 
In  other  portions  of  the  range  galena  cubes  in  quartz  veins  were  noted. 
The  quartz  and  associated  sulphides  were  deposited  in  open  east-west  fissures.  Later  the 
veins  were  faulted  and  crushed  and  surface  waters  have  more  or  less  completely  altered  I  he 
sulphides  to  oxides  and  carbonates,  forming  free  milling  ores. 
The  mines  on  Bare  Mountain  are  controlled  by  practically  the  same  economic  conditions 
as  are  the  mines  of  the  Bullfrog  mining  district.  Good  water  can  be  obtained  in  the  springs 
of  Amargosa  River,  one-half  mile  away.  The  most  accessible  wood  is  that  of  the  Grapevine 
Range,  25  miles  away.  The  mines  are  1  to  3  miles  from  the  proposed  railroad  to  the  Bull- 
frog district. 
Happy  Hooligan  mine. — The  Happy  Hooligan  mine  is  situated  at  the  east  base  of  the 
Grapevine  Range,  9  miles  northwest  of  Bullfrog.  Here  the  major  portion  of  the  moun- 
tain range  is  formed  of  rhyolitic  rocks  in  flows  and,  possibly,  intrusive  sheets.  The  rhyolite 
of  the  vicinity  is  pinkish  or  yellowish.  Quartz  and  fewer  biotite  phenocrysts  are  still  observ- 
able, while  the  feldspars  are  largely  represented  by  numerous  casts.  In  the  vicinity  of  the 
Happy  Hooligan  mine  are  several  small  areas  of  much  brecciated  gray  limestone,  with 
minor  quartzite  beds  of  possibly  Ordovician  age.  Ransome  states  that  a  tunnel  driven  since 
the  writer's  visit  shows  a  thin  sheet  of  basalt  between  the  rhyolite  and  limestone.  The  test 
pits  of  the  Happy  Hooligan  mine  are  located  at  the  contact  of  this  basalt  flow  and  the  lime- 
stone. At  the  contact  the  basalt  is  reddened  by  hematite  and  altered  to  a  greasy  substance 
which  pans  fine  free  gold,  as  does  the  limestone  when  decomposed.  Gold  values  also  occur 
at  the  contact  of  the  basalt  and  the  quartzite.  This  contact  has  been  traced  a  number  of 
hundred  feet  and  values  are  reported  from  all  test  pits. 
The  ore  is  free  milling  and  no  sulphides  were  observed.  It  is  said  to  run  $40  in  gold,  the 
values  appearing  to  be  closely  associated  with  limonite  and  hematite.  Eventually  thd 
deposit  will  probably  grade  into  a  gold-bearing  pyrite  contact   deposit. 
Several  springs  are  situated  near  the  mine  and  fuel  can  be  obtained  within  6  miles.  The 
road  to  Bullfrog  is  rather  heavy. 
INYO   COUNTY,  CAL. 
Chloride  Cliff . — Chloride  Cliff  is  situated  on  the  crest  of  the  rugged  Grapevine  Range,  15 
miles  south  of  Bullfrog.  The  country  rock  is  a  series  of  early  Paleozoic  interbedded  mus- 
covite-schists,  impure  quartzites,  and  yellow  and  white  limestones,  all  altered  in  varying 
degrees.  Some  lenses  of  a  hornblende-feldspar  gneiss,  probably  a  metamorphosed  igneous 
rock,  appear  to  be  intruded  along  the  bedding  planes  of  the  series.  These  rocks  are  intensely 
folded  in  a  complex  manner  and  faults  are  common. 
On  the  range  crest,  at  Chloride  Cliff,  the  limestone  strikes  N.  15°  W.  and  dips  30°  E.  A 
steeply  inclined  fault,  coursing  N.  50°  W.,  cuts  the  limestone.  The  limestone  along  the 
fault  is  silicified  and  in  it  are  disseminated  galena  and  some  chalcopyrite.  The  secondary 
ore  is  a  porous  yellowish  lead  carbonate  with  some  malachite  stains.  The  surface  outcrop- 
pings  are  much  stained  by  limonite. 
At  another  place  a  4-foot  vein  of  quartz  lies  between  the  gently  dipping  hornblende-gneiss 
and  the  schist  and  altered  limestone  above.  The  quartz  is  deeply  iron  stained  and  the 
crushed  portions  have  been  recemented  by  limonite.  The  writer  traced  the  vein  200  feet, 
but  it  extends  much  farther.  It  is  reported  that  one  sampling  across  the  vein  gave  \  a  lues 
in  gold  averaging  $1,500  per  ton.     The  ore  is  free  milling. 
At  a  third  prospect  a  reversed  fault  cuts  the  schist  member  of  the  series,  which  here 
strikes  N.  60°  W.  and  dips  15°  NE.  A  quartz  vein  2  to  3  feel  wide  occupies  the  fissure. 
The  quartz  is  stained  by  limonite  and  the  only  original  sulphide  seen  is  pyrite.  Small 
nodules  of  native  copper  are  rarely  associated  with  the  limonite  stains.  The  ore  is  said  to 
assay  from  $13  to  $500  per  ton  in  free  gold.     The  values  are  associated  with  limonite. 
