COAL    AND    OIL    IN    UINTA    COUNTY,    WYO.  837 
west,  bank  of  Bear  Rfver,  near  the  present  city  of  Evanston  to  Point  of  Rocks,  Sweetwater 
County. a  The  beds  at  this  point  were  opened  about  the  t  me  of  the  buiMing  of  the  Union 
Pacific  Railroad  in  1869,  but  were  never  worked  In  any  great  extent. 
In  1859  a  United  States  military  coal  reservation  was  established  at  a  point  about  3  miles 
east,  in  beds  of  the  same  age,  but  this  coal  also  was  but  little  worked,  although  it  is  probable 
that  small  amounts  were  hauled  to  Fort  Bridger  for  blacksmithing  purposes. 
The  first  important  mine  in  these  beds  was  that  of  the  Diamond  Coal  and  Coke  Company 
at  Diamondv.lle,  opened  in  1894.  Subsequently  mines  were  opened  by  the  same  com- 
pany at  Glencoe  and  Oakley.  The  Kemmerer  mines  were  opened  in  1897,  by  the  Kem- 
merer Coal  Company,  and  the  Cumberland  mines  by  the  Union  Pacific  Coal  Company  in 
1900,  the  year  in  which  this  company  finally  abandoned  its  Almy  mines.  All  these  mines 
develop  the  main  Kemmerer  bed,  which  varies  in  thickness  in  the  workings  from  5  to  20 
feet.  At  some  points  between  these  mines,  along  the  outcrop,  the  bed  is  very  thin  or  even 
absent.  At  Diamondville  a  coal  about  5  feet  thick  and  about  50  feet  above  the  main  bed 
is  worked  to  a.  small  extent,  and  at  Kemmerer  a  bed  (\h  feet  thick  has  been  opened  15  feet 
below  the  main  bed. 
The  Willow  Creek  coal  is  about  550  feet  below  the  main  Kemmerer  coal.  It  is  thin  or 
absent  in  the  south  end  of  the  field,  but  reaches  a  thickness  of  5  feet  S  inches  in  T.  22  N.,  R. 
115  W.,  where  the  Kemmerer  Coal  Company  proposes  to  open  a  mine.  Tests  of  this  coal 
have  yielded  a  coke  of  fair  quality,  and  it  is  for  its  coking  value  that  this  coal  is  to  be 
developed. 
The  Spring  Valley  coal  is  1,475  feet  stratigraphically  below  the  Kemmerer  coal.  A  mine 
was  opened  in  this  bed  at  Spring  Valley  by  the  Union  Pacific  Coal  Company  in  1899,  but  the 
mine  was  abandoned  in  1805.  The  bed  here  is  from  5  to  6  feet  thick,  with  several  irregular 
partings.  The  coal  is  rather  dirty,  and  the  mine  was  finally  abandoned  because  of  the  bad 
roof  and  gas.  The  Carter  coal  seam  is  175  feet  above  the  Spring  Valley  bed,  and  is  7  feet  0 
inches  thick,  with  two  partings  having  a  total  thickness  of  1  foot  7  inches.  It  has  been 
worked  to  a  limited  extent  in  the  Carter  opening  at  Spring  Valley.  A  small  mine  northeast 
of  Hilliard  develops  one  of  this  group  of  beds  and  supplies  a  limited  amount  of  coal  for  local 
use.  Openings  have  also  been  made  in  sec.  12,  T.  15  N.,  R.  118  W.,  to  supply  fuel  for 
drilling  neighboring  oil  wells. 
The  approximate  outcrop  and  the  area  underlain  by  these  coals  is  shown  in  PI.  X.  They 
outcrop  along  the  west  flank  of  the  Meridian  anticline  throughout  the  area  and  on  the  west 
flank  of  the  Lazeart  syncline  in  the  region  of  Altamont,  between  Clear  Creek  and  a  point  2 
miles  north  of  Little  Muddy  and  north  of  Hams  Fork.  ■  On  the  east  side  of  the  syncline  I  he 
dip  is  from  8°  to  35°  and  on  the  west  it  is  generally  over  45°.  Near  the  Absaroka  fault  the 
beds,  while  coal  bearing,  are  so  badly  broken  that  they  are  of  little  commercial  importance. 
This  is  notably  the  case  at  Altamont.  The  amount  of  coal  in  sight  in  this  basin  is  very 
large,  and  although  the  beds  are  somewhat  irregular  mining  will  be  carried  on  here  for  many 
years. 
Coal-bearing  beds  containing  the  Adaville  and  Twin  Creek  coals. — From  an  early  day  this 
coal-bearing  group  has  been  noted  for  the  great  number  and  thickness  of  its  coal  seams. 
Peale  reports  that  the  Smith  and  Bell  Brothers  in  1876  discovered  and  opened  in  the  region 
of  Hodges  Pass  on  the  divide  between  Twin  (  reck  and  Hams  Fork  1  wenty-nine  beds  of  coal, 
ranging  in  thickness  from  H  to  48  feet  and  aggregating  315  feet. 6 
On  the  completion  of  the  Oregon  Short  Line  the  Union  Pacific  Coal  Company  opened 
mines  a  mile  west  of  Hodges  Pass  tunnel.     Mine  No.  1  was  opened  in  1881  and  No.  2  in  1882. 
aStansbury,  Capt.  Howard,  Exploration  and  Survey  of  the  Great  Salt  Lake  of  Utah,  1852,  pp.  226,  280. 
b  Peale,  A.  C,  Report  on  the  geology  of  the  Green  River  district:  Eleventh  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  ( feol.  and 
Gfeog.  Surv.  Terr,  (for  1877),  1879,  p. 535.  Peale  states  that  the  twenty-nine  beds  occurred  in  a  thickness 
3f  three  hundred  and  fifteen  feet,  which  is  incorrect:  but  a  statement  that  the  aggregate  thickness  is 
three  hundred  and  fifteen  feet  is  quite  within  the  facts  now  known,  and  was  probably  the  actual 
statement  made  by  his  informant. 
