338  CONTRIBUTIONS    TO    ECONOMIC    GEOLOGY,  1905. 
In  mine  No.  I  a  horizontal  prospect  tunnel  1 ,400  fret  long  cut  beds  5,  8,  10,  5,  and  15  feetij 
thickness,  while  in  mine  No.  2  two  beds,  stratigraphically  750  feet  above  the  uppermost  bei 
in  No.  1 ,  were  opened  120  feet  apart,  one  20  and  the  other  14  feet  thick.  These  mines  wej 
abandoned  in  1885.  The  Hodges  Pass  tunnel,  1,400  feet  long,  cut  coal  beds  9^  38,  6,  1 4, 1 
5,  and  6  feet  thick.  Three  miles  south  of  this  tunnel  the  prospect  tunnel  at  the  Adavill 
opening  cut  a  bed  84  feet  thick,  with  a  single  parting  of  clay  2  inches  thick.  This  mine  wa 
abandoned  after  one  shipment  of  coal  because  the  coal  slacked  badly,  but  the  fact  thai  fl 
roof  of  the  opening,  composed  entirely  of  coal  and  not  timbered,  is  solid  and  of  good  luste 
after  fifteen  years' exposure  to  the  air  suggests  that  the  coal  may  perhaps  haveshippB 
qualities.  The  coal  exposed  in  this  mine  is  on  the  whole  a  much  cleaner  coal  than  tha 
found  in  the  Kemmerer  seam. 
This  lower  or  big  vein  has  been  opened  further  south,  at  the  Lazeart  mine,  west  of  Sprinj 
Valley,  and  the  Carlton  mine,  near  Milliard.  The  Lazeart  mine  was  in  operation  in  th< 
summer  of  L905,  and  its  small  product  was  hauled  by  wagons  to  Evanston  or  sold  to  loea 
oil  operators.     At  both  these  mines  it  was  stated  that  the  product  crumbled  badly. 
Because  of  the  rising  and  pitching  character  of  the  Lazeart  syncline  the  beds  of  this  grow 
occupy  three  basins,  the  first  extending  from  2  miles  north  of  Hams  Fork  to  2  miles  north  o 
Little  Muddy  Creek,  the  second  from  Clear  ('reek  to  the  Lazeart  coal  mine,  and  the  thin 
from  near  Sulphur  Creek  southward  for  an  undetermined  distance,  probably  but  a  few  miles 
This  coal-bearing  group  contains  an  immense  amount  of  fuel  of  fair  quality,  that  wi] 
undoubtedly  be  largely  developed  in  the  future. 
Almy  coals.  With  the  completion  of  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad  in  1869,  mines  were  a 
(tnce  opened  in  the  coal-bearing  beds  at  Almy,  a  few  miles  north  of  Evanston.  The  YVvom 
ing  Coal  Company  (later  the  Union  Pacific  Coal  Company)  shipped  coal  in  18G9  and  m 
Rocky  Mountain  Coal  and  lion  Company  in  L870.  The  latter  supplied  for  a  number  o 
years  the  coi  !  used  over  a  large  pari  of  the  Central  Pacific  Railroad.  Peale  reports  thai  tin 
coal-bearing  beds  vary  in  thickness  from 22 to 32 feet,a  but  these  thicknesses  include  largr 
proportions  of  bone.  The  workable  coal  is  to  be  regarded  as  from  15  to  20  feet  thick,  and! 
worked  in  two  benches.  The  Union  Pacific  Coal  Company  continued  operations  al  thi 
point  until  L900,  when  the  mines  were  abandoned  because  of  fires  and  a  change  in  dip  in  thi 
lower  part  of  the  mines,  which  rendered  it  difficult  to  continue  operal  ions  in  the  way  they  ha< 
been  started.  The  Rocky  Mountain  Coal  and  Iron  Company  is  si  II  operating  mine  No.  5oi 
n  small  scale.  The  output  is  hauled  from  the  mine  by  wagon  and  the  consumption  is  entire! 
local. 
The  developments  here  have  shown  that  the  coal  is  of  commercial  thickness  and  quality 
only  foraboul  1  miles  along  the  outcrop.  The  dip  is  from  15°  to  20°,  but  decreases  rapidly! 
the  east,  and  the  trough  of  a  small  syncline  is  reached  al  a  distance  of  a  quarter  of  a  mil 
from  the  outcrop.  The  surface  dips  indicate  thai  this  is  a  minor  feature  and  thai  beyond; 
sight  rise  the  eastward  dip  will  continue.  There  is  si  II  a  considerable  amount  of  unworka 
coal  in  ih  s  area,  the  most  of  which  is  now  controlled  by  the  Rocky  Mountain  Coal  and  Iro: 
Company. 
a  Fifth  Ann.  Preliminary  Kept,  i  .  s.  Geol.  Survey  of  Montana,  is?:>,  p.  L94. 
