OZOKERITE    DEPOSITS    IN    UTAH.  371 
this  level  the  brecciated  zone  consists  of  broken  green  and  purple  shale  with  sandstone 
fragments.  Ozokerite  occurs  in  scales  or  thin  veins  or  as  pockets  and  veins  of  variable 
extent  and  width  not  exceeding  a  few  inches  at  most.  Several  hundred  pounds  of  the  com- 
mercial product  are  on  hand  and  it  is  reported  that  the  total  output  has  been  about  10  tons. 
Another  mine  has  been  operated  1J  miles  northeast  of  Colton,  very  near  the  southwest 
corner  of  sec,  13,  T.  11  S.,  R.  8  E.  It  is  on  a  different  fracture  zone  from  that  of  the  Col- 
ton mine  and  nearly  500  feet  higher  in  the  strata.  At  this  place  a  tunnel  has  been  driven 
225  feet  N.  10°  W.,  on  a  shear  zone  of  brecciated  sandy  shale  4  to  6  feet  wide.  At  the  end 
of  the  tunnel  a  drift  is  driven  125  feet  toward  the  east.  A  space  of  vertical  fractures  is 
crossed  in  this  drift  65  feet  east  of  the  tunnel.  A  shaft  said  to  be  100  feet  in  depth  has  been 
sunk  at  the  mouth  of  the  tunnel  and  drifts  run  north  and  south  at  a  depth  of  60  feet.  The 
faces  of  the  fractured  shale  showed  much  slickensiding.  Small  quantities  of  ozokerite 
occur  here  and  there  as  thin  films  in  the  joints  both  in  the  tunnel  and  in  the  drift.  The 
developments  here  are  recent,  but  the  plant  was  not  in  operation  when  visited. 
A  third  mine  in  the  Colton  district  is  1^  miles  north  of  Colton  and  very  near  the  north 
side  of  the  SW.  \  sec,  14,  T.  11  S.,  R.  8  E.  At  this  point  a  tunnel  was  driven  N.  10°  W., 
following  a  line  of  vertical  fractures.  Ozokerite  occurs  here  in  thin  sheets  following  joints 
and  surrounding  fragments  of  brecciated  shale.  Several  prospects  have  been  made  on  the 
same  line  of  fissures  in  the  vicinity,  exhibiting  similar  conditions  in  the  occurrence  of  the 
mineral.  Prospects  showing  the  presence  of  ozokerite  have  been  made  in  the  SE.  \  SE.  \ 
sec.  14  and  the  NW.  \  SE.  \  sec.  15,  and  mining  to  a  limited  extent  has  been  carried  on  in 
the  SW.  \  NW.  I  sec,  24,  T.  11  S.,  R.  8  E.,  on  similar  north-south  lines  of  jointed  and 
fissured  strata.  Nowhere  in  the  Colton  district  has  ozokerite  been  seen  by  the  writer  in 
bodies  more  than  a  few  inches  in  thickness. 
Soldier  Summit  locality. — The  development  of  ozokerite  in  this  locality  is  limited  to  the 
NW.  \  sec,  30,  T.  10  S.,  R.  8  E.,  within  half  a  mile  east  and  northeast  of  Soldier  Summit. 
A  mine  has  been  equipped  with  hoisting  power  and  in  connection  with  it  a  concentration  plant 
erected  nearly  one-third  of  a  mile  east  of  Soldier  Summit,  The  mine  was  closed  at  the 
time  visited,  on  account  of  reported  litigation.  Mr.  Kroupa,  who  directed  the  development 
here,  reports  that  the  shaft  is  225  feet  in  depth  and  was  driven  on  a  band  of  vertical  fissures 
that  contained  the  mineral  wax,  and  that  drifts  had  been  opened  50  feet  to  the  north  and 
south  on  the  strike  of  the  fractures.  A  north-south  shear  zone  has  been  prospected  one- 
fourth  mile  south  of  the  mine.  In  all  cases  here  the  ozokerite  is  reported  to  occur  in 
veinlets  filling  narrow  fissures  in  the  strike  of  the  crushed  strata  and  surrounding  the 
brecciated  shale  and  shaly  sandstone.  Locally  the  veins  swell  to  a  thickness  of  nearly  3 
feet,  according  to  Mr.  Kroupa's  verbal  report. 
Midway  locality. — Two  small  mines  have  been  driven  on  vertical  fractures  on  shale,  one 
situated  half  a  mile  west  and  another  half  a  mile  northeast  of  Midway  station.  The  fracture 
zone  in  the  first  instance  is  2\  feet  wide  and  bears  N.  30°  W.  In  the  other  the  fractured 
strata  are  4  to  5  feet  wide  and  bear  N.  60°  W.  The  ozokerite  occurs  at  three  places  as 
variably  thin  sheets  in  vertical  fissures  and  surrounding  fragments  of  brecciated  rock,  in 
a  similar  manner  to  that  at  Colton  and  Soldier  Summit. 
METHODS   OF  CONCENTRATION. 
The  manner  of  separating  ozokerite  from  the  associated  rocks  is  a  simple  process.  The 
plant  as  described  by  Mr.  Kroupa  consists  of  a  steam  boiler  and  engine,  a  crusher,  and 
steam-heated  vats.  The  soft  rock  and  ozokerite  mixture  is  crushed  and  run  into  long  vats 
with  narrow  bottoms  containing  water  kept  at  a  boiling  temperature,  The  ozokerite 
melts  at  a  temperature  of  54°  to  70°  C,  and  floats  off  as  a  liquid  into  cooling  vats,  while  the 
rock  is  driven  out  along  the  narrow  bottom  of  the  vat  by  revolving  screws.  On  cooling  the 
ozokerite  is  remelted  in  dry  pans  to  remove  the  content  of  moisture. 
