CLAY  RESOURCES  OF  NORTHEASTERN  KENTUCKY. 
By  William   Clifton   Phalen. 
A  general  description  of  the  area  here  considered,  as  well  as  a  sketch  map  I  fig.  U>.  p.  260) 
tiring  its  location, has  been  given  in  the  paper  on  Coal  Resources  of  the  Kenova  quadrangle 
>p.  2.59-268). 
ill  the  clays  of  northeastern  Kentucky  are  transported  -that  is,  they  have  reached  their 
•esent  position  through  the  agency  of  water.     They  may  he  divided,  both  as  regard-  age 
d  adaptability,  into  two  classes:  (1)  The  Coal  Measures  clays,  and  (2)  the  recenl  uncon- 
)lidated  clays  of  the  river  and  stream  valleys.     The  former  will  he  considered  first.     On 
|  s259  261  of  this  bulletin  a  brief  description  is  given  of  the  _  It  is 
le re  stated  that  the  lowest  subdivision  of  the  coal-hearing  rocks  in  the  western  pari  of 
le  field  rests  on  the  Greenbrier  (  Lower  Carboniferous  )  limestone,  and  has  been  called  the 
tts    ille  formation. 
COAL   MEASURES   CLAYS. 
POTTSVILLE    FORMATION. 
priotoviMt  day. — A  few  feet  above  this  Lower  Carboniferous  limestone  is  found  one  <>f  the 
lost  important  fire  clays  of  northeastern  Kentucky.     This  is  the  celebrated  Sciotoville  fire 
ay  of  the  Ohio  reports,  less  widely  known  as  the  Logan  clay.     It  has  been  extensively 
tnned  at  Sciotoville  and  in  the  region  around  Portsmouth.  Ohio.     In  the  Kenova  quadrangle 
f  the  United  Si:."'  s  Geo]  igical  Survey  in  northeastern  Kentucky  the  horizon  of  this  fire 
lay  i-  below  drainage  except  at  a  very  few  points.     On  Everman  Creek,  Carter  County, 
bout  1  mile  above  the  residence  of  Mr.  David  Childers,  4  to  6  f eel  of  the  nonplastic  clay 
how  and  have  been  mined.     A  short  distance  below  Mr.  Childers's  house  the  limestone 
utcrops  in  the  road  apparently  directly  below  the  massive  Sharon  sandstone.     The  fire  clay 
<  >ii  North  Fork  of  Oldtown  Creek  the  fire  clay  was  reported  to 
H.Ashley,  of  the  Geological  Survey,  :  feet  thick  and  resting  directly  against 
he  limestone  and  as  usually  b<  :  ;  nt  without  the  limestone  in  the  hills  east  of 
rygarts  ("reck.  West  of  Tygarts Creek  the  lime-tone  is  reported  generally  present,  while 
ittle  seems  to  he  known  of  the  fire  clay.a  Thi>  horizon  may  he  looked  for  along  the 
vestern  outcrop  of  the  Coal  Measures,  occurring  as  it  does  at  the  base  of  this  system  of 
•ocks.  When  present  it  will  usually  be  found  a  few  feet  above  the  Lower  Carboniferous 
imestone  and.  in  the  absence  of  thisterrane,  occupying  a  similar  position  above  the  Waverly 
sandstone.  Though  its  outcrop  in  the  Kenova  quadrangle  is  extremely  limited,  a  few  miles 
o  the  west  its  horizon  i-  above  drainage  in  nearly  the  entire  valley  of  Tygarts  Creek.  At 
Jlive  Hill,  in  Carter  County,  it  is  now  extensively  worked  by  the  Portsmouth  Harbison- 
PTalker Company  and  the  Olive  Hill  Fire  Brick  Company,  and  it  shows  the  following  sect  ion 
it  one  of  the  openings  of  the  former  firm: 
'</>/  at  Olivt  Hill,  Carter  County,  Ky. 
Ft.     in. 
Coal 
No.  3  clay 1-9 
Drab  flint  clay l-Q 
ihard  "  clay 1  5 
"  Pink  eye" 3 
Blue  shale 18-20 
1  ran  ore I    8 
Top  of  Lower  Carboniferous  limestone. 
a  These  statements  refer  t<.  the  territory  included  within  the  limits  of  the  Kenova  quadi 
•111 
