162         CONTRIBUTIONS    TO   ECONOMIC    GEOLOGY,   L906,   PART    T. 
in  the  region  of  the  Kahatchee  Hills,  although  the  highest  portion  sti 
persists  as  a  single  ridge,  there  are  a  number  of  smaller  subsidiary 
ridges,  showing  great  variations  in  direction,  which  are  formed  of  th( 
same  strata  as  the  main  ridge.  At  the  north  end  of  the  Kahatchee 
Hills,  beyond  the  highest  point,  locally  called  Flagpole  Mountain  oi 
Crumplers  Peak,  there  is  a  cross  ridge,  with  a  nearly  northeast-soutq 
west  trend,  which  is  separated  from  the  main  ridge  by  a  fault.  This 
cross  range  extends  within  a  mile  of  Childersburg.  The  western  exten- 
sion of  the  broken  country  of  the  Kahatchee  Hills  is  rather  abrupt! 
terminated  by  a  valley  occupied  by  Kahatchee  Creek  and  a  creek 
flowing  southward,  from  near  Achates,  joining  Cedar  Creek  near  Fay- 
etteville. Through  this  valley,  which  is  a  half  mile  to  a  mile  wide, 
runs  the  road  from  Fayetteville  to  Childersburg. 
Two  miles  east  of  the  junction  of  Have  Spring  Branch  and  the 
Coosa,  or  about  1  miles  X.  60°  \Y.  of  Fayetteville,  another  rangs 
known  as  the  Katala  Hills,  extends  for  "J  miles  in  a  northerly  direction 
This  range  then  turns  abruptly  to  the  east  and  then  to  the  south  andl 
extends  southward  along  the  west  side  of  the  valley  through  which  the 
Fayetteville-Childersburg  road  runs.  About  a  mile  west  of  Fayette- 
ville this  range  is  cut  across  by  Cedar  ('reek.  The  Katala  Hills  are 
rather  low,  with  few  elevations  more  than  500  feet  above  the  master 
st  ream  of  t  he  region. 
South  of  the  gap  in  the  range,  through  which  Cedar  Creek  passes, 
the  ridge  becomes  more  disconnected,  and  although  it  may  still  be 
traced  by  small  knobs,  it  is  at  some  places  only  a  hundred  feet  above 
the  surrounding  country.  These  low  sags  across  the  range  are  trav- 
ersed by  railroads  and  roads.  Thus  the  line  from  Sylacauga  to  Tall  J 
dega  Springs  and  Shelby  crosses  the  ridge  at  a  point  about  three- 
fourth.-  of  a  mile  southwest  of  Fayetteville. 
South  of  the  railroad  pa—  the  range  increases  m  height  and  in  con- 
tinuity. The  northern  pari  of  t  his  sou  t  hern  extension,  .'ailed  Chalyb- 
eate Mountain,  rises  about  500  feel  above  the  surrounding  oountrl 
South  of  Chalybeate  Mountain,  prolonging  the  general  southerly; 
trend,  is  Sulphur  Spring  Mountain,  which  is  cut  through  by  Pecker- 
wood  Creek  at  Looney  Mill.  South  of  Looney  Mill  the  range  extendi 
in  a  more  southwesterly  direction,  decreases  considerably  in  height, 
and  becomes  more  broken.  About  '•>  miles  south  of  the  mill  the  range 
is  terminated  by  a  great  east-wesl  thrust  fault. 
Near  Columbiana,  in  Shelby  County,  west  of  Talladega  County, 
there  is  another  field  in  which  iron  occurs  in  the  same  relation  to  the 
surrounding  rocks  as  in  the  range  already  described.  The  iron,  how- 
ever, is  not  of  exactly  the  same  character  as  that  in  the  rest  of  the 
field,  being  more  like  the  red  ores  of  Alabama.  The  range  at  this 
place  consists  of  two  ridges,  which  coalesce  toward  the  north  and 
