ALUMINUM  AND  BAUXITE. 
The  known  bauxite  districts  of  the  United  States  were  examined 
and  described  in  detail  some  years  ago  by  C.  W.  Hayes,  and  so  far  no 
large  extension  of  the  industry  has  taken  place  outside  the  area  cov- 
ered by  his  work.  That  such  an  extension  is  possible,  however,  is 
evidenced  by  discoveries  which  have  been  made  during  the  last  three 
years.  Bauxite  deposits  of  more  or  less  promise  have  been  uncovered 
in  the  vicinity  of  Fort  Payne,  Ala.,  as  well  as  in  Tennessee,  Virginia, 
and  Pennsylvania.  In  all  these  places  the  bauxite  is  associated  with 
Cambrian  or  Cambro-Ordovician  rocks — the  Knox  or  Shenandoah 
limestone  of  the  valley  regions — so  that  the  newly  found  ore  bodies 
correspond  closely  to  the  type  described  by  Hayes  from  Alabama  and 
Georgia. 
THE  GILA  RIVER  ALUM  DEPOSITS. 
By  C.  W.  Hayes. 
INTRODUCTION. 
The  deposits  described  in  the  following  pages  occupy  a  small  arid 
region  in  Grant  County,  N.  Mex.,  on  both  sides  of  Gila  River.  This 
area  embraces  portions  of  sees.  19,  20,  29,  and  30,  T.  13  S.,  R.  13  W. 
It  is  about  27  miles  due  north  of  Silver  City  and  is  at  present  accessible 
from  that  point  by  a  wagon  road  which  reaches  Gila  River  at  Lyons 
Hot  Springs,  about  6  miles  above,  and  thence  follows  the  river  down 
to  the  mouth  of  Alum  Creek. 
The  locality  was  visited  in  1893  by  W.  P.  Blake,  who  published  a 
brief  account  of  the  deposits  in  the  Transactions  of  the  American  Insti- 
tute of  Mining  Engineers,  vol.  24,  1894.  A  somewhat  more  extended 
report  by  Professor  Blake  is  contained  in  a  pamphlet  published  pri- 
vately in  1893  by  A.  T.  Johnston,  owner  of  the  property.  So  far  as 
known  these  are  the  only  publications  containing  any  first-hand 
information  concerning  the  deposits,  though  the}T  have  been  known 
to  prospectors  and  ranchers  for  many  years.  Some  material  from  the 
deposits  was  analyzed  by  F.  W.  Clarke  in  the  laboratory  of  the 
United  States  Geological  Survey  in  1884,  and  the  results  of  the 
analysis  were  published  in  Bulletin  No.  9,  though  without  further 
information  concerning  the  deposits  than  their  general  location. 
215 
