PORTLAND    CEMENT    MATERIALS    IN    EASTERN    WYOMING.       239 
5  miles  long,  would  have  a  gentle  grade.  Coal  could  be  shipped 
from  Cambria  at  a  maximum  cost  of  $1  per  ton  f.  o.  b.  at  the  plant, 
rhis  coal"  furnishes  a  fair  amount  of  heat,  and  although  high  in 
sulphur  and  ash,  the  former  would  largely  disappear  in  the  burning 
ind  the  latter  would  be  incorporated  with  the  cement.  The  Portl- 
and cement  plant  should  be  situated  on  the  railroad  at  the  outcrop 
jf  the  natural  cement  rock.  A  well  sunk  here  for  the  water  neces- 
sary to  run  the  plant  would  probably  strike  flowing  water  at  a  depth 
)f  1,000  to  1,500  feet  from  the  surface. 
If  limestone  and  shale  are  to  be  used,  the  best  combination  appears 
:o  be  the  Graneros  or  the  Morrison  shale  and  the  Minnekahta  lime- 
stone. The  most  desirable  Graneros  shale  is  that  sampled  from  the 
lill  approximately  2 J  miles  southeast  of  Newcastle,  between  the  rail- 
road and  the  wagon  road,  and  the  plant  should  be  situated  on  the 
-ailroad  at  this  point.  A  branch  railroad,  approximately  5  miles 
ong,  following  the  depression  marked  by  the  exposure  of  the  Gran- 
eros shale  and  swinging  slightly  to  the  north  of  the  L  A  K  ranch  and 
thence  to  Stockade  Beaver  Creek,  would  reach  ledges  of  Minnekahta 
limestone.  The  use  of  the  Morrison  shale  would  require  a  railroad 
with,  two  spurs,  one  up  Stockade  Beaver  Creek  for  limestone  and  the 
jther  up  Salt  Creek  for  shale.  In  this  instance  the  mill  would  most 
advantageously  be  situated  at  the  fork  of  the  spurs.  It  is  possible, 
however,  that  suitable  exposures  of  shale  could  be  found  on  or 
immediately  west  of  Stockade  Beaver  Creek,  in  which  case  both 
Limestone  and  shale  would  be  close  to  a  plant  situated  on  Stockade 
Beaver  Creek  and  using  its  water.  The  mill  would  then  be  located 
4  or  5  miles  above  the  L  A  K  ranch. 
RESUME. 
The  region  tributary  to  Newcastle  is  rather  large,  and  although 
the  town  has  but  one  main  railroad  the  cement  could  no  doubt  be 
easily  marketed.  The  raw  materials  are  high  in  grade  and  abundant 
in  quantity,  and  cheap  fuel  of  fair  quality  is  at  hand.  With  good 
management  a  Portland  cement  plant  situated  at  Newcastle  could 
unquestionably  be  run  at  a  profit. 
VICINITY   OF  CHEYENNE. 
Cheyenne,  the  capital  of  Wyoming,  is  in  Laramie  County,  in  the 
southeast  corner  of  the  State.  It  lies  on  the  main  lines  of  the  Union 
Pacific  and  Chicago,  Burlington  and  Quincy  railroads,  and  from  it 
the  Colorado  and  Southern  Railroad  runs  northward  to  connect  with 
the  Chicago  and  Northwestern  Railroad,  and  the  Union  Pacific  runs 
a  Report  on  operations  of  coal-testirig  plant  of  the  United  Statse  Geological  Survey  at  the  Louisiana 
Purchase  Exposition,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1904:  Prof.  Paper  U.  S.  Geol.  Survey  No.  48,  pp.  263,  946,  953,  1313. 
