PROPERTIES    AND    TESTS    OF    FULLER 's    EARTH. 
271 
find.  It  is  quite  possible,  indeed  probable,  however,  that  some  of 
the  work  recently  done  on  the  action  of  water  on  rock  powders a  will 
be  found  on  close  study  to  afford  an  explanation  of  the  formation  of 
fuller's  earth.  The  following  table  comprises  a  number  of  analyses 
of  fuller's  earth,  obtained  from  the  sources  indicated: 
Table  2. — Analyses  of  fullers  earth  from  various  sources. 
[Calculated  to  dry  state.] 
No. 
Locality. 
Si02. 
A1203. 
H20. 
Fe203. 
CaO. 
MgO. 
Alka- 
lies. 
Other  ele- 
ments. 
Total. 
Au- 
thor- 
ity^ 
1 
Arkansas 
.64.  38 
17.29 
6.95 
8.27 
1.91 
1.83 
n.  d. 
100.  63 
A. 
2 
do 
63. 19 
18.76 
7.57 
7.05 
2.  46 
1.71 
n.  d. 
100.  74 
A. 
f       P2O36.OOI 
3 
Ocala,  Fla 
39.  66 
30. 00 
13.11 
3.46 
0.87 
0.70 
.45 
<^         Fi02  1.37} 
(Organic  3.  90) 
99.  52 
B. 
4 
Gadsden,  Fla 
67.  31 
11.07 
8  25 
2.61 
2.  60 
3.32 
1.01 
n.  d. 
96.  17 
C. 
5 
Mount  Pleasant, Fla. 
62.27 
11.76 
10.00 
7.43 
1.89 
3.59 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
96.94 
C. 
6 
Norway,  Fla 
59.02 
11.88 
11.13 
7.14 
6.48 
3.24 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
98.89 
c. 
7 
River  Junction,  Fla. 
55.05 
22.88 
10.42 
7.47 
4.77 
.43 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
100.  92 
C. 
8 
Decatur,  Ga 
72.00 
10.  76 
6. 00 
2.  65 
3.34 
4.36 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
99.11 
C. 
9 
/Enid,  Okla.  (glacial- 
\    ite). 
Custer,  S.  Dak 
150.  36 
33.38 
12.00 
3.  31 
.88 
f          Ti02  tr.l 
\    Organic  tr.J 
99.  93 
D. 
10 
57.00 
17.37 
9.50 
2.36 
3.00 
3.  03 
n.  d. 
Volatile  5.  85 
98.11 
E. 
11 
do 
63.  50 
14.97 
10.70 
4.48 
2.40 
2.88 
8.32 
n.  d. 
107.  25 
D. 
12 
do          
71.28 
55.45 
14.33 
18.58 
4.  £0 
8.80 
2.48 
3.  82 
.33 
3.40 
1.20 
3.50 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
Volatile  5.35 
93.92 
98.90 
D. 
13 
do 
E. 
14 
Fairburn,  S.  Dak  ... 
68.23 
14.93 
6.  20 
2.15 
2.  93 
.87 
n.  d 
n.d. 
96.31 
E. 
15 
do 
60.  16 
10.38 
7.20 
14.87 
4.96 
1.71 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
99.28 
E. 
hi 
do 
67.00 
5.00 
15.00 
12.00 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
99.  00 
D 
17 
do 
56.18 
23.23 
11.45 
1.26 
5.88 
3.  29 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
101.29 
E. 
18 
do 
60.10 
17.30 
8.29 
4.10 
4.16 
2.  61 
2.16 
n.  d. 
98.  72 
C. 
19 
Hermosa,  S.  Dak.... 
55.  40 
27.70 
13.  00 
1.80 
2.  30 
.70 
1.08 
n.  d. 
101.98 
D. 
20 
England 
44.00 
23.  06 
24.95 
2.00 
4.08 
2.00 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
100.09 
a 
21 
.....do  
44.00 
11.00 
n.  d. 
10.00 
5.00 
2.00 
5.00 
n.  d. 
77.00 
c 
22 
jNutfield,     England 
\     (! ilue  earth). 
}-52.  81 
6.92 
14.27 
3.78 
7.40 
2.27 
1.74 
|          P2O5  .  27] 
SO3.05l 
(         NaCl  .  05) 
88.  56 
D. 
23 
{Nutfield,      England 
\     (yellow  earth). 
}59.  37 
11.82 
13. 19 
6.  27 
6.17 
2. 09 
1.84 
(          F2O5  .  141 
SO3.071 
NaCl  .14] 
100. 10 
I). 
24 
Reigate,  England. .. 
53.00 
10.00 
24.00 
9.75 
.50 
1.25 
n.  d. 
n.  d. 
98.50 
C. 
25 
Woburn  sands,  Eng- 
land(yellow  earth). 
55.48 
19. 16 
6.75 
11.78 
3.10 
3.71 
11.  d. 
n.  d. 
99.98 
B. 
26 
Woburn  sands,  Eng- 
land (blue  earth  I. 
60.  90 
18.  34 
4.89 
10.22 
2.36 
1.  52 
1.72 
n.  d. 
99.  95 
B. 
a  A=Branner,  J.  O,  Cement  materials  of  southwest  Arkansas:    Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng..  vol.  27, 
1898,  pp.  42-63. 
B=  Nineteenth  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  Geol.  Survey,  pt.  6,  continued,  1898,  pp.  655-656. 
C=  Seventeenth  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  Geol.  Survey,  pt.  3,  continued.  1896,  pp.  876-880. 
D=  Eighteenth  Ann.  Rept.  U.  S.  Geol.  Survey,  pt.  5,  continued,  1897,  pp.  1351-1359. 
E=Ries,  H.,  fuller's  earth  of  South  Dakota:  Trans.  Am.  Inst.  Min.  Eng.,  vol.  27,  1898,  pp.  333-335. 
TESTS  BEARING  ON   THE   NATURE   OF   FULLERS   EARTH. 
ANALYSES. 
The  analyses  made  in  the  course  of  this  investigation  have  for  con- 
venience been  grouped  together  and  will  be  found  in  Table  3.  A  few 
results  have  been  calculated  or  estimated,  and  the  figures  so  derived 
are  marked  with  a  small  c.  The  analyses  were  made  by  the  customary 
methods,  which  hardly  need  explanation.  All  results  were  calculated 
to  .a  dry  basis.  C02  was  determined  gravimetrically.  Combined 
water  is  ignition  minus  C02,  and  possibly  includes  a  little  organic 
carbonaceous  matter. 
a  Cushman,  A.  S.,  Effect  of  water  on  rock  powders:  Bull.  Bur.  Chemistry,  TJ.  S.  Dept.  Agr.,  No.  92, 1905. 
