KAOLINS   AND   FIRE    CLAYS    OF    CENTRAL   GEORGIA.  307 
the  Atlanta  Mining  and  Clay  Company,  the  Georgia  Kaolin  Company, 
the  American  Clay  Company,  and  I.  Mandle  &  Co. 
At  the  pits  of  the  Atlanta  Mining  and  Clay  Company,  2  miles  south- 
east of  Dry  Branch  station,  the  clay  bed  is  in  places  25  feet  thick  and 
is  composed  for  the  most  part  of  a  plastic,  soft,  pure  kaolin.  Only  8 
to  15  feet  of  clay,  however,  is  worked.  This  clay  is  so  pure  that  it  is 
dried  and  shipped  in  the  crude  state,  without  preliminary  washing. 
The  clay  has  an  overburden  of  nonindurated  Tertiary  sand  and  clay, 
the  thickness  of  which  increases  gradually  from  10  feet  to  a  maximum 
of  100  feet.  The  clay  bed  as  it  appears  in  the  pits  is  massive  and 
jointed  and  is  not  laminated,  but  occurs  in  one  solid  bed.  It  is  white 
to  cream  colored,  but  shows  slight  staining  of  iron  and  manganese 
along  the  joint  planes  and  contains  some  small,  yellow  pseudo-iron 
nodules.  Mining  is  carried  on  in  open  pits,  the  overburden  being 
removed  by  a  steam  shovel.  The  following  section  shows  the  nature 
of  the  overburden: 
Strata  overlying  clay  bed  at  pits  of  Atlanta  Mining  and  Clay  Company,  near  Dry 
Branch,  Ga. 
Feet. 
1.  Red  sand 3 
2.  Greenish,  laminated,  tough  clay 4 
3.  Very  fine  red  sand 5 
4.  Green  clay  layer 1 
5.  Fine  red  micaceous  sand,  containing  smutty  particles  of  a  manga- 
nese mineral 4 
G.  Yellow  ocherous  sand 3 
7.  Sand  containing  white  clay  pebbles 3 
8.  Kaolinic  sand 8 
9.  White  kaolin 12 
The  following  analysis  of  the  No.  1  paper  and  pottery  kaolin  shows 
the  purity  of  the  product  in  its  crude  state: 
Analysis  of  kaolin  from  pits  of  the  Atlanta  Mining  and  Clay  Company. 
[E.  Everhart,  analyst.] 
Moisture  at  100°  C 10.  72 
Loss  on  ignition 12.  39 
Silica .- 40.  28 
Alumina 34.  72 
Ferric  oxide 84 
Manganous  oxide Trace 
Lime 05 
Magnesia 04 
Sodium  oxide Trace 
Potassium  oxide Trace 
Titanium  dioxide 1. 15 
Sulphur 00 
Phosphorus  pentoxide 00 
100. 19 
