CLAYS  AND  SHALES  OF  CLARION  QUAD 
RANGLE,  CLARION  COUNTY,  PA. 
By  Edwin  F.  Lines. 
INTRODUCTION. 
Both  clays  and  shales  are  abundant  within  the  Clarion  quadrangle. 
Shales  that  are  probably  suitable  for  the  manufacture  of  brick  and  tile 
are  scattered  over  most  of  the  region,  and  in  some  places  are  readily 
accessible  to  lines  of  transportation.  The  clays  include  both  the  flint 
and  plastic  varieties,  but  the  latter  have  been  little  worked.  The 
workable  deposits  of  flint  clay  so  far  known  are  confined  to  the  north- 
ern part  of  the  area.  This  clay  was  formerly  shipped  to  a  consider- 
able extent  as  raw  material,  although  it  had  to  be  hauled  several 
miles  by  wagon  to  the  railroads,  but  it  has  not  been  mined  for  some 
time,  and  the  old  strippings  are  now  largely  covered  up.  There  has 
been  a  recent  revival  of  interest  in  the  clay,  however,  as  a  result  of  the 
beginning  of  the  construction  of  a  new  railroad  which  will  pass  near 
some  of  the  best  deposits. 
LOCATION   AND    AREA. 
The  Clarion  quadrangle  is  in  Clarion  County,  except  a  few  square 
miles  in  its  southeast  corner,  which  extend  into  Armstrong  County. 
Its  north  boundary  passes  just  south  of  Shippensville,  the  south 
through  New  Bethlehem,  the  east  a  short  distance  within  the  east 
county  boundary,  the  west  just  west  of  Sligo.  The  quadrangle  com- 
prises approximately  225  square  miles,  a  little  more  than  one-third 
the  area  of  Clarion  County. 
GENERAL  STATEMENT. 
The  rocks  of  the  quadrangle  in  which  the  clays  and  shales  occur  are 
included   in   the  Allegheny  formation    (or  Lower   Productive   Coal 
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